KK_Traders Dynamic Index_Bar HighlightingHey guys,
this is one of my favorite scripts as it represents a whole trading system that has given me very good results!
I have only used it on Bitcoin so far but I am sure it will also work for other instruments.
The original code to this was created by LazyBear, so all props to him for this great script!
I have linked his original post down below.
You can find the full rules to the system in this PDF (which has also been taken from LBs post):
www.forexmt4.com
Here is a short summary of the rules:
Go long when (all conditions have to be met):
The green line is above 50
The green line is above the red line
The green line is above the orange line
The close is above the upper Band of the Price Action Channel
The candles close is above its open
(The green line is below 68)
Go short when (all conditions have to be met):
The green line is below 50
The green line is below the red line
The green line is below the orange line
The close is below the lower band of the Price Action Channel
The candles close is below its open
(The green line is above 32)
Close when:
Any of these conditions aren't true anymore.
I have marked two of the rules in brackets as they seem to cut out a lot of the profits this system generates. You can choose to still use these rules by checking the box that says "Use Original Ruleset" in the options.
The system also contains rules regarding the Heiken Ashi bars. However these aren't as specific as the other rules. This is where your personal judgement comes in and this part is hard to explain. Take a look at the PDF I have linked to get a better understanding.
So far, this is just the TDI trading system and LBs script, now what have I changed?
I have incorporated the Price Action Channel to the system and changed it so that it highlights the bars whenever the system is giving a signal. As long as the bars are green the system is giving a long signal, as long as they are red the system is giving a short signal. Keep in mind that this doesn't consider the bar size of the HA bars. I recommend coloring all bars grey via the chart settings in order to be able to see the bar highlighting properly.
I have also published the Price Action Channel seperately in case some of you wish to view the Channel.
I am fairly new to creating scripts so use it with caution and let me know what you think!
LBs original post:
The seperate Price Action Channel script:
"ha溢价率"に関するスクリプトを検索
CM Stochastic POP Method 1 - Jake Bernstein_V1A good friend ucsgears recently published a Stochastic Pop Indicator designed by Jake Bernstein with a modified version he found.
I spoke to Jake this morning and asked if he had any updates to his Stochastic POP Trading Method. Attached is a PDF Jake published a while back (Please read for basic rules, which also Includes a New Method). I will release the Additional Method Tomorrow.
Jake asked me to share that he has Updated this Method Recently. Now across all symbols he has found the Stochastic Values of 60 and 30 to be the most profitable. NOTE - This can be Significantly Optimized for certain Symbols/Markets.
Jake Bernstein will be a contributor on TradingView when Backtesting/Strategies are released. Jake is one of the Top Trading System Developers in the world with 45+ years experience and he is going to teach how to create Trading Systems and how to Optimize the correct way.
Below are a few Strategy Results....Soon You Will Be Able To Find Results Like This Yourself on TradingView.com
BackTesting Results Example: EUR-USD Daily Chart Since 01/01/2005
Strategy 1:
Go Long When Stochastic Crosses Above 60. Go Short When Stochastic Crosses Below 30. Exit Long/Short When Stochastic has a Reverse Cross of Entry Value.
Results:
Total Trades = 164
Profit = 50, 126 Pips
Win% = 38.4%
Profit Factor = 1.35
Avg Trade = 306 Pips Profit
***Most Consecutive Wins = 3 ... Most Consecutive Losses = 6
Strategy 2:
Rules - Proprietary Optimization Jake Will Teach. Only Added 1 Additional Exit Rule.
Results:
Total Trades = 164
Profit = 62, 876 Pips!!!
Win% = 38.4%
Profit Factor = 1.44
Avg Trade = 383 Pips Profit
***Most Consecutive Wins = 3 ... Most Consecutive Losses = 6
Strategy 3:
Rules - Proprietary Optimization Jake Will Teach. Only added 1 Additional Exit Rule.
Results:
Winning Percent Increases to 72.6%!!! , Same Amount of Trades.
***Most Consecutive Wins = 21 ...Most Consecutive Losses = 4
Indicator Includes:
-Ability to Color Candles (CheckBox In Inputs Tab)
Green = Long Trade
Blue = No Trade
Red = Short Trade
-Color Coded Stochastic Line based on being Above/Below or In Between Entry Lines.
Link To Jakes PDF with Rules
dl.dropboxusercontent.com
We Are Witnessing A Historical Event With A Clear Outcome!!!"Full Disclosure: I came across this information from www.SentimenTrader.com
I have no financial affiliation…They provide incredible statistical facts on
The General Market, Currencies, and Futures. They offer a two week free trial.
I Highly Recommend.
The S&P 500 has gone 43 trading days without a 1% daily move, up or down.
which is the equivalent of two months and one day in trading days.
During this stretch, the S&P has gained more than 4%,
and it has notched a 52-week high recently as well.
Since 1952, there were nine other precedents. All of
these went 42 trading days without a 1% move, all of
them saw the S&P gain at least 4% during their streaks,
and all of them saw the S&P close at a 52-week highs.
***There was consistent weakness a week later, with only three
gainers, and all below +0.5%.
***After that, stocks did better, often continuing an Extraordinary move higher.
Charts can sometimes give us a better nuance than
numbers from a table, and from the charts we can see a
general pattern -
***if stocks held up well in the following
weeks, then they tended to do extremely well in the
months ahead.
***If stocks started to stumble after this two-
month period of calm, however, then the following months
tended to show a lot more volatility.
We already know we're seeing an exceptional market
environment at the moment, going against a large number
of precedents that argued for weakness here, instead of
the rally we've seen. If we continue to head higher in
spite of everything, these precedents would suggest that
we're in the midst of something that could be TRULY EXTRAORDINARY.
Trading Strategy based on BB/KC squeeze**** [Edit: New version (v02) posted, see the comments section for the code *****
Simple strategy. You only consider taking a squeeze play when both the upper and lower Bollinger Bands go inside the Keltner Channel. When the Bollinger Bands (BOTH lines) start to come out of the Keltner Channel, the squeeze has been released and a move is about to take place.
I have added more support indicators -- I highlight the bullish / bearish KC breaches (using GREEN/RED crosses) and a SAR to see where price action is trending.
Appreciate any feedback. Enjoy!
Color codes for v02:
----------------------------
When both the upper and lower Bollinger Bands go inside the Keltner Channel, the squeeze is on and is highlighted in RED.
When the Bollinger Bands (BOTH lines) start to come out of the Keltner Channel, the squeeze has been released and is highlighted in GREEN.
When one of the Bollinger Bands is out of Keltner Channel, no highlighting is done (this means, the background color shows up, so don't get confused if you have RED/GREEN in your chart's bground :))
Color codes for v01:
----------------------------
When both the upper and lower Bollinger Bands go inside the Keltner Channel, the squeeze is on and is highlighted in YELLOW.
When the Bollinger Bands (BOTH lines) start to come out of the Keltner Channel, the squeeze has been released and is highlighted in BLUE.
Engulfing Pattern Scanner with RSI FilterEngulfing Pattern Scanner with RSI Filter
This indicator identifies high-probability engulfing patterns using multiple confirmation filters including candle stability, RSI divergence, and price momentum over a specified period.
═══ INDICATOR LOGIC ═══
BUY Signal Generated When:
• Bullish engulfing pattern forms
• Candle stability exceeds threshold (body/wick ratio)
• RSI is below oversold threshold
• Price has decreased over the delta period
• Bar is confirmed (no repainting)
SELL Signal Generated When:
• Bearish engulfing pattern forms
• Candle stability exceeds threshold
• RSI is above overbought threshold
• Price has increased over the delta period
• Bar is confirmed (no repainting)
═══ KEY FEATURES ═══
• Candle Stability Index (0-1): Filters out unstable/noisy candles
• RSI Index (0-100): Confirms momentum conditions
• Candle Delta Length: Defines lookback period for price movement
• Disable Repeating Signals: Removes consecutive same-direction signals
• Multiple visual styles: Text bubbles, triangles, or arrows
• Customizable colors and label sizes
• Built-in alert conditions
═══ INPUT PARAMETERS ═══
Candle Stability Index (0.5 default): Higher values require more decisive candles
RSI Index (50 default): Threshold for overbought/oversold conditions
Candle Delta Length (5 default): Bars to measure price change
Label customization: Size, style, and colors
═══ HOW TO USE ═══
1. Add indicator to chart
2. Adjust technical parameters based on market volatility
3. Set visual preferences for signal display
4. Create alerts using the built-in conditions
5. Higher Candle Stability = fewer but higher quality signals
6. Lower RSI Index = more conservative entry points
═══ BEST PRACTICES ═══
• Use on higher timeframes (4H+) for swing trading
• Combine with support/resistance for confluence
• Test parameters on historical data before live trading
• Consider market conditions when adjusting filters
═══ VERSION INFO ═══
Pine Script: v5
Repainting: No (uses barstate.isconfirmed)
Max Labels: 500
```
aaa sibilio 5.5 New Due## **Le Caratteristiche Fondamentali delle Medie: Principi Teorici e Applicazioni Strategiche**
### **Il Principio della Non-Parallelità: Fondamento Matematico**
Il primo principio fondamentale che governa le medie mobili stabilisce che **qualsiasi media non può mai essere parallela alla sua regressione lineare**. Questo non è un caso o un'anomalia, ma una conseguenza diretta della natura matematica delle medie mobili.
**Spiegazione teorica:** Una media mobile è un filtro passa-basso che rimuove le frequenze ad alta velocità dai dati di prezzo, mentre una regressione lineare rappresenta la tendenza lineare ottimale nel periodo considerato. Poiché la media mobile mantiene traccia delle oscillazioni attorno al trend (seppur attenuate), mentre la regressione elimina completamente queste oscillazioni per fornire solo la direzione generale, le due curve non possono mai essere identiche o parallele.
**Implicazione cruciale:** Questa caratteristica certifica che **le medie hanno sempre un andamento curvilineo** rispetto alla loro regressione. La curvatura non è un'imperfezione del calcolo, ma la manifestazione della dinamica intrinseca dei dati di mercato filtrati attraverso la media mobile.
### **L'Energia del Sistema: Derivazione dalla Curvatura**
È proprio questa caratteristica curvilinea che ci consente di determinare parametri fondamentali come **l'energia del sistema**.
**Base fisica:** In fisica, l'energia potenziale di un sistema curvilineo è proporzionale alla deviazione dalla traiettoria di equilibrio (rappresentata dalla regressione lineare). Nel nostro contesto:
- **Energia potenziale** = Distanza tra media mobile e sua regressione
- **Energia cinetica** = Velocità di avvicinamento o allontanamento tra le due curve
- **Energia totale del sistema** = Somma di energia potenziale e cinetica
**Applicazione pratica:** Quando la media si allontana dalla sua regressione, accumula energia potenziale che deve essere rilasciata. Quando si avvicina rapidamente, manifesta energia cinetica che può portare a overshooting del punto di equilibrio.
### **Il Principio dell'Arrotolamento Gerarchico**
Il secondo principio fondamentale stabilisce che **le curve si arrotolano tra loro partendo dai periodi più lunghi verso quelli più piccoli**. Questo fenomeno ha radici profonde nella teoria dei sistemi dinamici.
**Spiegazione teorica:** Le medie con periodi più lunghi hanno maggiore inerzia e resistenza al cambiamento (analogamente alla massa in fisica). Quando si verifica un cambiamento di tendenza, questo si propaga prima nelle medie a periodo lungo (che rappresentano le forze dominanti del sistema), per poi diffondersi progressivamente verso le medie a periodo più breve.
**Meccanismo di propagazione:**
1. **Livello macro** (medie lunghe): Cambio di direzione delle forze principali
2. **Livello medio** (medie intermedie): Trasmissione del segnale
3. **Livello micro** (medie brevi): Manifestazione finale del cambiamento
### **Formazioni Strategiche Derivate**
Questo arrotolamento gerarchico ci consente di identificare **formazioni importanti** per la strategia:
**Confluenza di Arrotolamento:** Quando più medie di diversi periodi iniziano simultaneamente il processo di arrotolamento, si crea una zona di alta probabilità di inversione.
**Cascata di Allineamento:** La sequenza temporale con cui le medie si arrotolano fornisce informazioni sulla forza e persistenza del movimento imminente.
**Zone di Resistenza Dinamica:** I punti dove l'arrotolamento incontra resistenza indicano livelli critici dove le forze opposte si equilibrano temporaneamente.
### **Implicazioni per la Strategia**
Questi principi teorici si traducono in vantaggi operativi concreti:
1. **Prevedibilità dell'energia:** Possiamo quantificare l'energia accumulata nel sistema e prevedere la forza dei movimenti futuri
2. **Timing degli ingressi:** L'arrotolamento gerarchico fornisce una sequenza temporale per ottimizzare i punti di ingresso
3. **Gestione del rischio:** La comprensione dell'energia del sistema permette di dimensionare correttamente le posizioni
La combinazione di questi due principi - non-parallelità e arrotolamento gerarchico - trasforma le medie mobili da semplici indicatori di trend in strumenti sofisticati per l'analisi energetica e dinamica dei mercati finanziari.
versione inglese
## **The Fundamental Characteristics of Moving Averages: Theoretical Principles and Strategic Applications**
### **The Non-Parallelism Principle: Mathematical Foundation**
The first fundamental principle governing moving averages establishes that **any moving average can never be parallel to its linear regression**. This is not coincidental or anomalous, but a direct consequence of the mathematical nature of moving averages.
**Theoretical explanation:** A moving average is a low-pass filter that removes high-frequency components from price data, while a linear regression represents the optimal linear trend over the considered period. Since the moving average maintains trace of oscillations around the trend (albeit attenuated), while the regression completely eliminates these oscillations to provide only the general direction, the two curves can never be identical or parallel.
**Crucial implication:** This characteristic certifies that **moving averages always have a curvilinear pattern** relative to their regression. The curvature is not an imperfection in the calculation, but the manifestation of the intrinsic dynamics of market data filtered through the moving average.
### **System Energy: Derivation from Curvature**
It is precisely this curvilinear characteristic that allows us to determine fundamental parameters such as **system energy**.
**Physical basis:** In physics, the potential energy of a curvilinear system is proportional to the deviation from the equilibrium trajectory (represented by the linear regression). In our context:
- **Potential energy** = Distance between moving average and its regression
- **Kinetic energy** = Speed of approach or separation between the two curves
- **Total system energy** = Sum of potential and kinetic energy
**Practical application:** When the moving average moves away from its regression, it accumulates potential energy that must be released. When it approaches rapidly, it manifests kinetic energy that can lead to overshooting the equilibrium point.
### **The Hierarchical Rolling Principle**
The second fundamental principle establishes that **curves roll around each other starting from longer periods toward shorter ones**. This phenomenon has deep roots in dynamical systems theory.
**Theoretical explanation:** Moving averages with longer periods have greater inertia and resistance to change (analogous to mass in physics). When a trend change occurs, it propagates first in long-period averages (which represent the dominant forces of the system), then progressively diffuses toward shorter-period averages.
**Propagation mechanism:**
1. **Macro level** (long averages): Change in direction of principal forces
2. **Medium level** (intermediate averages): Signal transmission
3. **Micro level** (short averages): Final manifestation of the change
### **Derived Strategic Formations**
This hierarchical rolling allows us to identify **important formations** for the strategy:
**Rolling Confluence:** When multiple averages of different periods simultaneously begin the rolling process, a high-probability reversal zone is created.
**Alignment Cascade:** The temporal sequence with which averages roll provides information about the strength and persistence of the imminent movement.
**Dynamic Resistance Zones:** Points where rolling encounters resistance indicate critical levels where opposing forces temporarily balance.
### **Strategic Implications**
These theoretical principles translate into concrete operational advantages:
1. **Energy predictability:** We can quantify the energy accumulated in the system and predict the strength of future movements
2. **Entry timing:** Hierarchical rolling provides a temporal sequence to optimize entry points
3. **Risk management:** Understanding system energy allows proper position sizing
The combination of these two principles - non-parallelism and hierarchical rolling - transforms moving averages from simple trend indicators into sophisticated tools for energetic and dynamic analysis of financial markets.
Level Founder indicatorQuesto strumento, ideato per l'individuazione dei livelli orizzontali sensibili si prepone l'obiettivo di semplificare la lettura tecnica dei grafici. Alla base di questo indicatore c'è il concetto di volatilità, inteso come scontro tra domanda ed offerta, come escursione delle forze nel campo di battaglia fino alla determinazione del prezzo finale di ogni candela. Di fatto, andando a cogliere quella che è la volatilità candela per candela, l'indicatore la calcola in termini assoluti rendendola un numericamente comparabile, in un range tra 0 e 100. Quando questo valore tocca i 100 si genera un picco di volatilità, il quale va ad identificare un punto di attenzione sul grafico di uno strumento. In corrispondenza di questi picchi si osserva dove la battaglia tra compratori e venditori si è conclusa, ovvero dove domanda ed offerta si sono incontrati per definire un prezzo: la chiusura di candela. In corrispondenza di tale prezzo si ha, quindi, un accordo certo tra domanda ed offerta dopo un periodo di contrattazione volatile, andando a certificare quello che è un livello di prezzo "sudato" per un determinato sottostante. Tale soglia si traduce in un livello orizzontale sensibile, che in futuro (avendo il mercato memoria degli scontri passati) potrà comportarsi da supporto o da resistenza, a seconda della situazione. In breve quindi, si traccia una linea orizzontale in corrispondenza delle chiusure di candela che condividono un picco sull'indicatore "Level Founder Indicator". Funziona su ogni time-frame e sottostante.
N.B. A ridosso di questi livelli si possono cercare pattern per l'operatività oppure cercare delle rotture di questi livelli per delle conferme/inversioni, spaziando dal trading intraday all'investimento di lungo periodo.
ENGLISH VERSION:
This tool, designed to identify sensitive horizontal levels, aims to simplify the technical reading of charts. This indicator is based on the concept of volatility, understood as the clash between supply and demand, the oscillation of forces on the battlefield until the final price of each candlestick is determined. By capturing the volatility candlestick by candlestick, the indicator calculates it in absolute terms, making it numerically comparable, within a range between 0 and 100. When this value reaches 100, a volatility spike is generated, which identifies a point of focus on an instrument's chart. At these peaks, we observe where the battle between buyers and sellers has concluded, that is, where supply and demand have met to define a price: the candlestick's close. At this price, therefore, a definite agreement between supply and demand occurs after a period of volatile trading, certifying what is a "hard-earned" price level for a given underlying asset. This threshold translates into a sensitive horizontal level, which in the future (given the market's memory of past clashes) could act as support or resistance, depending on the situation. In short, a horizontal line is drawn at the candlestick closes that share a peak on the "Level Founder Indicator." It works on any timeframe and underlying asset.
N.B.: Near these levels, you can look for trading patterns or look for breakouts of these levels for confirmations/reversals, ranging from intraday trading to long-term investing.
Asilturk Swift ASILTURK is a high-performance trend-following bot engineered to eliminate market noise and focus exclusively on high-conviction movements driven by institutional capital.
Unlike bots that get lost in low-timeframe fluctuations, ASILTURK uses the Weekly (W) timeframe as its primary filter, ensuring every trade decision is based on macro, reliable data. The result is superior risk management and exceptional profitability.
🔥 Key Competitive Advantages
ASILTURK stands out because it doesn't just look for a trend—it verifies the Strength and Legitimacy of that trend before entering a trade:
Weekly Trend Strength (ADX Filter): The bot strictly requires the Weekly ADX to be above 24. This ensures we only engage when the market has established a powerful, confirmed trend, effectively eliminating trading during choppy, sideways markets.
Weekly Directional Confirmation (HA & WT_LB): Signals are generated only when the Heikin Ashi and WT_LB indicators align on the Weekly timeframe, providing dual confirmation that the momentum and direction are unified.
Exceptional Risk/Reward Ratio: The strategy is designed to tolerate small, necessary volatility (SL: 12%) to capture massive trend moves (TP: 50%). This setup is the secret behind its high Profit Factor.
Conclusion: Own Your Trading Discipline
ASILTURK is not just a trading bot; it’s a tool that imposes weekly discipline on the chaos of the market. It’s ideal for traders who want to capture significant trend movements with confidence and highly controlled risk.
MACD Forecast [Titans_Invest]MACD Forecast — The Future of MACD in Trading
The MACD has always been one of the most powerful tools in technical analysis.
But what if you could see where it’s going, instead of just reacting to what has already happened?
Introducing MACD Forecast — the natural evolution of the MACD Full , now taken to the next level. It’s the world’s first MACD designed not only to analyze the present but also to predict the future behavior of momentum.
By combining the classic MACD structure with projections powered by Linear Regression, this indicator gives traders an anticipatory, predictive view, redefining what’s possible in technical analysis.
Forget lagging indicators.
This is the smartest, most advanced, and most accurate MACD ever created.
🍟 WHY MACD FORECAST IS REVOLUTIONARY
Unlike the traditional MACD, which only reflects current and past price dynamics, the MACD Forecast uses regression-based projection models to anticipate where the MACD line, signal line, and histogram are heading.
This means traders can:
• See MACD crossovers before they happen.
• Spot trend reversals earlier than most.
• Gain an unprecedented timing advantage in both discretionary and automated trading.
In other words: this indicator lets you trade ahead of time.
🔮 FORECAST ENGINE — POWERED BY LINEAR REGRESSION
At its core, the MACD Forecast integrates Linear Regression (ta.linreg) to project the MACD’s future behavior with exceptional accuracy.
Projection Modes:
• Flat Projection: Assumes trend continuity at the current level.
• LinReg Projection: Applies linear regression across N periods to mathematically forecast momentum shifts.
This dual system offers both a conservative and adaptive view of market direction.
📐 ACCURACY WITH FULL CUSTOMIZATION
Just like the MACD Full, this new version comes with 20 customizable buy-entry conditions and 20 sell-entry conditions — now enhanced with forecast-based rules that anticipate crossovers and trend reversals.
You’re not just reacting — you’re strategizing ahead of time.
⯁ HOW TO USE MACD FORECAST❓
The MACD Forecast is built on the same foundation as the classic MACD, but with predictive capabilities.
Step 1 — Spot Predicted Crossovers:
Watch for forecasted bullish or bearish crossovers. These signals anticipate when the MACD line will cross the signal line in the future, letting you prepare trades before the move.
Step 2 — Confirm with Histogram Projection:
Use the projected histogram to validate momentum direction. A rising histogram signals strengthening bullish momentum, while a falling projection points to weakening or bearish conditions.
Step 3 — Combine with Multi-Timeframe Analysis:
Use forecasts across multiple timeframes to confirm signal strength (e.g., a 1h forecast aligned with a 4h forecast).
Step 4 — Set Entry Conditions & Automation:
Customize your buy/sell rules with the 20 forecast-based conditions and enable automation for bots or alerts.
Step 5 — Trade Ahead of the Market:
By preparing for future momentum shifts instead of reacting to the past, you’ll always stay one step ahead of lagging traders.
🤖 BUILT FOR AUTOMATION AND BOTS 🤖
Whether for manual trading, quantitative strategies, or advanced algorithms, the MACD Forecast was designed to integrate seamlessly with automated systems.
With predictive logic at its core, your strategies can finally react to what’s coming, not just what already happened.
🥇 WHY THIS INDICATOR IS UNIQUE 🥇
• World’s first MACD with Linear Regression Forecasting
• Predictive Crossovers (before they appear on the chart)
• Maximum flexibility with Long & Short combinations — 20+ fully configurable conditions for tailor-made strategies
• Fully automatable for quantitative systems and advanced bots
This isn’t just an update.
It’s the final evolution of the MACD.
______________________________________________________
🔹 CONDITIONS TO BUY 📈
______________________________________________________
• Signal Validity: The signal will remain valid for X bars .
• Signal Sequence: Configurable as AND or OR .
🔹 MACD > Signal Smoothing
🔹 MACD < Signal Smoothing
🔹 Histogram > 0
🔹 Histogram < 0
🔹 Histogram Positive
🔹 Histogram Negative
🔹 MACD > 0
🔹 MACD < 0
🔹 Signal > 0
🔹 Signal < 0
🔹 MACD > Histogram
🔹 MACD < Histogram
🔹 Signal > Histogram
🔹 Signal < Histogram
🔹 MACD (Crossover) Signal
🔹 MACD (Crossunder) Signal
🔹 MACD (Crossover) 0
🔹 MACD (Crossunder) 0
🔹 Signal (Crossover) 0
🔹 Signal (Crossunder) 0
🔮 MACD (Crossover) Signal Forecast
🔮 MACD (Crossunder) Signal Forecast
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
🔸 CONDITIONS TO SELL 📉
______________________________________________________
• Signal Validity: The signal will remain valid for X bars .
• Signal Sequence: Configurable as AND or OR .
🔸 MACD > Signal Smoothing
🔸 MACD < Signal Smoothing
🔸 Histogram > 0
🔸 Histogram < 0
🔸 Histogram Positive
🔸 Histogram Negative
🔸 MACD > 0
🔸 MACD < 0
🔸 Signal > 0
🔸 Signal < 0
🔸 MACD > Histogram
🔸 MACD < Histogram
🔸 Signal > Histogram
🔸 Signal < Histogram
🔸 MACD (Crossover) Signal
🔸 MACD (Crossunder) Signal
🔸 MACD (Crossover) 0
🔸 MACD (Crossunder) 0
🔸 Signal (Crossover) 0
🔸 Signal (Crossunder) 0
🔮 MACD (Crossover) Signal Forecast
🔮 MACD (Crossunder) Signal Forecast
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
🔮 Linear Regression Function 🔮
______________________________________________________
• Our indicator includes MACD forecasts powered by linear regression.
Forecast Types:
• Flat: Assumes prices will stay the same.
• Linreg: Makes a 'Linear Regression' forecast for n periods.
Technical Information:
• Function: ta.linreg()
Parameters:
• source: Source price series.
• length: Number of bars (period).
• offset : Offset.
• return: Linear regression curve.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
⯁ UNIQUE FEATURES
______________________________________________________
Linear Regression: (Forecast)
Signal Validity: The signal will remain valid for X bars
Signal Sequence: Configurable as AND/OR
Table of Conditions: BUY/SELL
Conditions Label: BUY/SELL
Plot Labels in the graph above: BUY/SELL
Automate & Monitor Signals/Alerts: BUY/SELL
Linear Regression (Forecast)
Signal Validity: The signal will remain valid for X bars
Signal Sequence: Configurable as AND/OR
Table of Conditions: BUY/SELL
Conditions Label: BUY/SELL
Plot Labels in the graph above: BUY/SELL
Automate & Monitor Signals/Alerts: BUY/SELL
______________________________________________________
📜 SCRIPT : MACD Forecast
🎴 Art by : @Titans_Invest & @DiFlip
👨💻 Dev by : @Titans_Invest & @DiFlip
🎑 Titans Invest — The Wizards Without Gloves 🧤
✨ Enjoy!
______________________________________________________
o Mission 🗺
• Inspire Traders to manifest Magic in the Market.
o Vision 𐓏
• To elevate collective Energy 𐓷𐓏
🎗️ In memory of João Guilherme — your light will live on forever.
ATR SPREADThis is a comprehensive ATR SPREAD indicator for TradingView that combines volatility monitoring with spread analysis. Here's what it does and why it's useful:
Core Functionality
ATR Progress Tracking:
Monitors how much of the daily ATR (Average True Range) has been "consumed" during the current trading day
Calculates progress from two reference points: day's open and previous day's close
Displays progress as percentages or absolute values
Provides color-coded visual feedback (green → yellow → orange → red) based on ATR consumption levels
Spread Monitoring with Advanced Filtering:
Tracks current market spreads using multiple methods (minute high-low ranges, tick-to-tick differences)
Calculates rolling average spread to establish baseline conditions
Implements sophisticated filtering to exclude anomalous spread readings that could skew analysis
Key Features
Smart Filtering System:
Automatically filters out abnormal spreads during session opens
Excludes spreads that are too large relative to price or ATR
Removes outliers that exceed normal spread multiples
Maintains data quality for accurate analysis
Multi-Level Alert System:
ATR threshold alerts (50%, 80%, 100% consumption)
Customizable warning threshold (default 70%)
Spread expansion warnings and alerts
Session start notifications
Professional Dashboard:
Customizable information panel showing real-time metrics
Multiple positioning options and visual themes
Displays ATR status, progress percentages, current/average spreads
Color-coded status indicators for quick assessment
Trading Applications
Risk Management:
Helps traders understand how much daily volatility has been used up
Assists in position sizing based on remaining expected movement
Identifies periods of unusual market conditions
Market Condition Assessment:
Monitors liquidity conditions through spread analysis
Detects when spreads widen beyond normal levels
Filters out unreliable data during volatile periods
Entry/Exit Timing:
High ATR consumption may suggest limited further movement
Low ATR consumption early in the day might indicate potential for larger moves
Spread conditions help assess execution quality expectations
This indicator is particularly valuable for intraday traders, scalpers, and anyone who needs to monitor market microstructure conditions alongside volatility metrics. It provides a comprehensive view of both price movement potential (ATR) and execution environment quality (spreads) in a single, professional-grade tool.
HTF Control Shift CandlesHTF Control Shift Candles highlights reversal-type candles that show a decisive shift in market control between buyers and sellers. These candles are detected by measuring wick length relative to the entire range and the close’s position within that range. A bullish control shift occurs when a candle forms with a long lower wick and closes in the top portion of its range, showing strong rejection of lower prices and a buyer takeover. A bearish control shift occurs when a candle forms with a long upper wick and closes in the bottom portion of its range, showing rejection of higher prices and a seller takeover. Candles are automatically recolored for fast visual recognition, and alerts are built in so traders never miss a potential shift in control.
This tool is specifically designed for 30-minute and higher timeframes, where control shift candles carry greater significance for swing and intraday setups. Inputs allow you to adjust wick percentage (wickPct) and body percentage (bodyPct) thresholds for different levels of sensitivity. For example, with wickPct = 0.5 and bodyPct = 0.3, a bullish control shift requires the lower wick to be at least 50% of the entire range and the close to finish in the top 30%. By tuning these values, traders can refine the detection for different volatility regimes or personal trading strategies.
Bar Close Confirmation Only
This indicator confirms signals only after the candle has closed. The calculation requires final values for open, high, low, and close, which are not fixed until the bar finishes forming. That means no mid-bar or intrabar repainting — alerts and highlights trigger only once the bar is complete. For example, if a candle temporarily has a long lower wick but closes back in the middle of its range, it will not be marked as a bullish control shift. This ensures accuracy by waiting for the final candle close before confirming that buyers or sellers truly maintained control.
Control shift candles can be especially useful around liquidity sweeps, support/resistance zones, or after extended moves, as they often mark key turning points. A bullish control shift near demand may provide an early entry confirmation for longs, while a bearish control shift at supply may signal short opportunities or exits from longs. This makes the indicator a versatile tool for anticipating reversals, timing entries with precision, and filtering signals on higher timeframes where market structure shifts are most impactful.
AMHA + 4 EMAs + EMA50/200 Counter + Avg10CrossesDescription:
This script combines two types of Heikin-Ashi visualization with multiple Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) and a counting function for EMA50/200 crossovers. The goal is to make trends more visible, measure recurring market cycles, and provide statistical context without generating trading signals.
Logic in Detail:
Adaptive Median Heikin-Ashi (AMHA):
Instead of the classic Heikin-Ashi calculation, this method uses the median of Open, High, Low, and Close. The result smooths out price movements, emphasizes trend direction, and reduces market noise.
Standard Heikin-Ashi Overlay:
Classic HA candles are also drawn in the background for comparison and transparency. Both HA types can be shifted below the chart’s price action using a customizable Offset (Ticks) parameter.
EMA Structure:
Five exponential moving averages (21, 50, 100, 200, 500) are included to highlight different trend horizons. EMA50 and EMA200 are emphasized, as their crossovers are widely monitored as potential trend signals. EMA21 and EMA100 serve as additional structure layers, while EMA500 represents the long-term trend.
EMA50/200 Counter:
The script counts how many bars have passed since the last EMA50/200 crossover. This makes it easy to see the age of the current trend phase. A colored label above the chart displays the current counter.
Average of the Last 10 Crossovers (Avg10Crosses):
The script stores the last 10 completed count phases and calculates their average length. This provides historical context and allows traders to compare the current cycle against typical past behavior.
Benefits for Analysis:
Clearer trend visualization through adaptive Heikin-Ashi calculation.
Multi-EMA setup for quick structural assessment.
Objective measurement of trend phase duration.
Statistical insight from the average cycle length of past EMA50/200 crosses.
Flexible visualization through adjustable offset positioning below the price chart.
Usage:
Add the indicator to your chart.
For a clean look, you may switch your chart type to “Line” or hide standard candlesticks.
Interpret visual signals:
White candles = bullish phases
Orange candles = bearish phases
EMAs = structural trend filters (e.g., EMA200 as a long-term boundary)
The counter label shows the current number of bars since the last cross, while Avg10 represents the historical mean.
Special Feature:
This script is not a trading system. It does not provide buy/sell recommendations. Instead, it serves as a visual and statistical tool for market structure analysis. The unique combination of Adaptive Median Heikin-Ashi, multi-EMA framework, and EMA50/200 crossover statistics makes it especially useful for trend-followers and swing traders who want to add cycle-length analysis to their toolkit.
Estimated Manipulation Movement Signal [AlgoPoint]Follow the Footprints of Whale Movements That Drive the Market
Overview
The market is not always driven by natural supply and demand. Large players—often called "whales" or institutions—can create artificial price movements to trigger stop-losses, induce panic or FOMO, and build their large positions at favorable prices. These events are known as "stop hunts" or "liquidity grabs."
The EMMS indicator is a specialized tool designed to detect these specific moments of potential market manipulation. It does not follow trends in a traditional sense; instead, it identifies high-probability reversal points created by the calculated actions of Smart Money trapping other market participants.
How It Works: The 3-Module Logic
The indicator uses a multi-stage confirmation process to identify a potential stop hunt:
1. Anomaly Detection: The engine first scans the chart for "Anomaly Candles." These are candles with unusually high volume and a very long wick relative to their body. This combination signals a sudden, forceful, and potentially unnatural price push.
2. Liquidity Zone Detection: The indicator automatically identifies and tracks recent significant swing highs and lows. These levels are considered "Liquidity Zones" because they are areas where a large number of stop-loss orders are likely clustered. These are the "hunting grounds" for whales.
3. The Stop Hunt Signal: A final signal is generated only when these two events align in a specific sequence:
An Anomaly Candle (high volume, long wick) spikes through a previously identified Liquidity Zone.
The same candle then reverses, closing back inside the previous price range.
This sequence confirms that the move was likely a "trap" designed to engineer liquidity, and a reversal in the opposite direction is now highly probable.
How to Interpret & Use This Indicator
BUY Signal: A BUY signal appears after a sharp price drop that pierces a recent swing low (taking out the stops of long positions) and then aggressively reverses to close higher. This suggests that Smart Money has absorbed the panic selling they just induced. The signal indicates a potential move UP.
SELL Signal: A SELL signal appears after a sharp price spike that pierces a recent swing high (taking out the stops of short positions) and then aggressively reverses to close lower. This suggests that Smart Money has sold into the FOMO buying they just created. The signal indicates a potential move DOWN.
This indicator is best used as a high-probability confirmation tool, ideally in conjunction with your understanding of the overall market trend and structure.
All Levels This script draws key price levels on your chart, including:
• Previous Day (PD): High, Low, Close
• Day Before Yesterday (DBY): High, Low, Close
• Pre-Market (PM): High and Low
• Today’s levels: High, Low, Open, Close
• Current bar levels: High, Low, Open, Close
Each level is displayed as a horizontal line with a label showing the level value.
It works on any timeframe, including 1-minute charts, and automatically updates as new bars form.
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2. Features
1. Custom Colors
Each type of level has its own color, declared as a const color. For example:
• Previous Day High = red
• Today’s Close = gold
• Pre-Market High = fuchsia
2. Right-Extending Lines
All horizontal levels extend to the right, so you always see them on the chart.
3. Persistent Labels
Every line has a label at the right side showing its name and price. For example:
• PDH 422
• TODL 415.5
4. Dynamic Updates
The script updates automatically whenever a new bar forms, so levels stay accurate.
5. Session-Based Pre-Market
You can define the pre-market session (default “04:00–09:30 EST”). The script calculates the high and low of this session only.
6. Checkbox Inputs
You can enable/disable entire groups of levels:
• Previous Day
• Day Before Yesterday
• Pre-Market
• Today
• Current bar
Katz Candle Momentum Reversal Indicator v4.1Katz Candle Momentum Reversal Indicator (CMRI) v4.1
Overview
The Katz CMRI is a comprehensive trading indicator designed to identify trend direction, momentum shifts, and potential market reversals. It combines several different concepts into a single, cohesive visual tool.
At its core, the indicator uses a custom Line Break chart calculation to filter out market noise and a Heikin-Ashi-style formula to smooth price action. This combination helps to more clearly define the underlying trend. The main output is a dynamic, multi-colored trend line accompanied by various signals that appear directly on your chart. It's designed to help traders stay with the trend while also spotting key moments of expansion, contraction, and potential reversal.
How to Interpret the Indicator
The indicator has several key visual components:
Main Trend Line: This is the thick, central line that changes color.
Green: Indicates a bullish (upward) trend.
Red: Indicates a bearish (downward) trend.
Faded/Light Colors: Suggest a potential loss of momentum or a pullback within the trend.
White: Signals a significant break in the trend structure.
Trend Cloud: The shaded area between the main trend line and the white midline (mid). A green cloud shows the trend is above the midpoint, while a red cloud shows it's below.
Upper/Lower Bands: The aqua (Trend Up) and yellow (Trend Down) lines represent the recent highs and lows of the established trend. When price is pushing against these bands, it signals trend strength.
Background Colors:
Gray: A "Contraction Zone." This indicates that the trend is losing momentum and consolidating, warning of potential chop or a reversal.
Blue: An "Expansion Event." This highlights a sudden increase in momentum in the direction of the trend.
Signal Shapes:
Diamonds: These are the primary entry signals. A green diamond below a candle signals a potential long entry, while a red diamond above a candle signals a potential short entry.
⬆️⬇️ Arrows: These are secondary momentum signals. They can be used as confirmation that the trend is continuing.
Trading Strategy & Rules
This strategy uses the primary diamond signals for entries and trend changes for exits.
Long Trade (Buy) Rules
Entry: Wait for a green diamond to appear below the price candles. For confirmation, the main trend line should turn solid green, and the price should ideally be above the white midline.
Exit:
Stop Loss: Place a stop loss below the recent swing low or below the candle where the green diamond appeared.
Take Profit: Consider exiting the trade when a red diamond appears above the candles, signaling a potential trend reversal. Alternatively, a trader might exit if the background turns gray (Contraction Zone), indicating the bullish momentum has faded.
Short Trade (Sell) Rules
Entry: Wait for a red diamond to appear above the price candles. For confirmation, the main trend line should turn solid red, and the price should ideally be below the white midline.
Exit:
Stop Loss: Place a stop loss above the recent swing high or above the candle where the red diamond appeared.
Take Profit: Consider exiting the trade when a green diamond appears below the candles. A gray "Contraction Zone" can also serve as an early warning to exit as bearish momentum wanes.
Indicator Filters Explained
The indicator includes a "Trend Filter Type" setting that allows you to adjust its sensitivity. This can help reduce false signals in choppy markets.
Raw: This is the most sensitive setting. It will generate a trend change signal as soon as the basic conditions are met. Use this for scalping or in strongly trending markets, but be aware that it may produce more false signals.
OutStep: This is the default, balanced setting. It adds an extra layer of confirmation by requiring the main trend line itself to be moving in the direction of the new trend. For example, a new green signal will only be confirmed if the trend line's value is higher than its previous value. This helps filter out weak signals.
FullStep: This is the most conservative and filtered setting. It includes the "OutStep" logic and adds further conditions related to the upper and lower trend bands. This setting will produce the fewest signals, but they are generally the highest quality, making it suitable for swing trading or avoiding choppy market conditions.
Disclaimer
This indicator is a tool for technical analysis and should not be considered financial advice. All trading involves substantial risk, including the possible loss of principal. Past performance is not indicative of future results. The signals generated by this indicator are for educational and informational purposes only. You are solely responsible for any trading decisions you make. Use this indicator at your own risk.
Small Business Economic Conditions - Statistical Analysis ModelThe Small Business Economic Conditions Statistical Analysis Model (SBO-SAM) represents an econometric approach to measuring and analyzing the economic health of small business enterprises through multi-dimensional factor analysis and statistical methodologies. This indicator synthesizes eight fundamental economic components into a composite index that provides real-time assessment of small business operating conditions with statistical rigor. The model employs Z-score standardization, variance-weighted aggregation, higher-order moment analysis, and regime-switching detection to deliver comprehensive insights into small business economic conditions with statistical confidence intervals and multi-language accessibility.
1. Introduction and Theoretical Foundation
The development of quantitative models for assessing small business economic conditions has gained significant importance in contemporary financial analysis, particularly given the critical role small enterprises play in economic development and employment generation. Small businesses, typically defined as enterprises with fewer than 500 employees according to the U.S. Small Business Administration, constitute approximately 99.9% of all businesses in the United States and employ nearly half of the private workforce (U.S. Small Business Administration, 2024).
The theoretical framework underlying the SBO-SAM model draws extensively from established academic research in small business economics and quantitative finance. The foundational understanding of key drivers affecting small business performance builds upon the seminal work of Dunkelberg and Wade (2023) in their analysis of small business economic trends through the National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB) Small Business Economic Trends survey. Their research established the critical importance of optimism, hiring plans, capital expenditure intentions, and credit availability as primary determinants of small business performance.
The model incorporates insights from Federal Reserve Board research, particularly the Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey (Federal Reserve Board, 2024), which demonstrates the critical importance of credit market conditions in small business operations. This research consistently shows that small businesses face disproportionate challenges during periods of credit tightening, as they typically lack access to capital markets and rely heavily on bank financing.
The statistical methodology employed in this model follows the econometric principles established by Hamilton (1989) in his work on regime-switching models and time series analysis. Hamilton's framework provides the theoretical foundation for identifying different economic regimes and understanding how economic relationships may vary across different market conditions. The variance-weighted aggregation technique draws from modern portfolio theory as developed by Markowitz (1952) and later refined by Sharpe (1964), applying these concepts to economic indicator construction rather than traditional asset allocation.
Additional theoretical support comes from the work of Engle and Granger (1987) on cointegration analysis, which provides the statistical framework for combining multiple time series while maintaining long-term equilibrium relationships. The model also incorporates insights from behavioral economics research by Kahneman and Tversky (1979) on prospect theory, recognizing that small business decision-making may exhibit systematic biases that affect economic outcomes.
2. Model Architecture and Component Structure
The SBO-SAM model employs eight orthogonalized economic factors that collectively capture the multifaceted nature of small business operating conditions. Each component is normalized using Z-score standardization with a rolling 252-day window, representing approximately one business year of trading data. This approach ensures statistical consistency across different market regimes and economic cycles, following the methodology established by Tsay (2010) in his treatment of financial time series analysis.
2.1 Small Cap Relative Performance Component
The first component measures the performance of the Russell 2000 index relative to the S&P 500, capturing the market-based assessment of small business equity valuations. This component reflects investor sentiment toward smaller enterprises and provides a forward-looking perspective on small business prospects. The theoretical justification for this component stems from the efficient market hypothesis as formulated by Fama (1970), which suggests that stock prices incorporate all available information about future prospects.
The calculation employs a 20-day rate of change with exponential smoothing to reduce noise while preserving signal integrity. The mathematical formulation is:
Small_Cap_Performance = (Russell_2000_t / S&P_500_t) / (Russell_2000_{t-20} / S&P_500_{t-20}) - 1
This relative performance measure eliminates market-wide effects and isolates the specific performance differential between small and large capitalization stocks, providing a pure measure of small business market sentiment.
2.2 Credit Market Conditions Component
Credit Market Conditions constitute the second component, incorporating commercial lending volumes and credit spread dynamics. This factor recognizes that small businesses are particularly sensitive to credit availability and borrowing costs, as established in numerous Federal Reserve studies (Bernanke and Gertler, 1995). Small businesses typically face higher borrowing costs and more stringent lending standards compared to larger enterprises, making credit conditions a critical determinant of their operating environment.
The model calculates credit spreads using high-yield bond ETFs relative to Treasury securities, providing a market-based measure of credit risk premiums that directly affect small business borrowing costs. The component also incorporates commercial and industrial loan growth data from the Federal Reserve's H.8 statistical release, which provides direct evidence of lending activity to businesses.
The mathematical specification combines these elements as:
Credit_Conditions = α₁ × (HYG_t / TLT_t) + α₂ × C&I_Loan_Growth_t
where HYG represents high-yield corporate bond ETF prices, TLT represents long-term Treasury ETF prices, and C&I_Loan_Growth represents the rate of change in commercial and industrial loans outstanding.
2.3 Labor Market Dynamics Component
The Labor Market Dynamics component captures employment cost pressures and labor availability metrics through the relationship between job openings and unemployment claims. This factor acknowledges that labor market tightness significantly impacts small business operations, as these enterprises typically have less flexibility in wage negotiations and face greater challenges in attracting and retaining talent during periods of low unemployment.
The theoretical foundation for this component draws from search and matching theory as developed by Mortensen and Pissarides (1994), which explains how labor market frictions affect employment dynamics. Small businesses often face higher search costs and longer hiring processes, making them particularly sensitive to labor market conditions.
The component is calculated as:
Labor_Tightness = Job_Openings_t / (Unemployment_Claims_t × 52)
This ratio provides a measure of labor market tightness, with higher values indicating greater difficulty in finding workers and potential wage pressures.
2.4 Consumer Demand Strength Component
Consumer Demand Strength represents the fourth component, combining consumer sentiment data with retail sales growth rates. Small businesses are disproportionately affected by consumer spending patterns, making this component crucial for assessing their operating environment. The theoretical justification comes from the permanent income hypothesis developed by Friedman (1957), which explains how consumer spending responds to both current conditions and future expectations.
The model weights consumer confidence and actual spending data to provide both forward-looking sentiment and contemporaneous demand indicators. The specification is:
Demand_Strength = β₁ × Consumer_Sentiment_t + β₂ × Retail_Sales_Growth_t
where β₁ and β₂ are determined through principal component analysis to maximize the explanatory power of the combined measure.
2.5 Input Cost Pressures Component
Input Cost Pressures form the fifth component, utilizing producer price index data to capture inflationary pressures on small business operations. This component is inversely weighted, recognizing that rising input costs negatively impact small business profitability and operating conditions. Small businesses typically have limited pricing power and face challenges in passing through cost increases to customers, making them particularly vulnerable to input cost inflation.
The theoretical foundation draws from cost-push inflation theory as described by Gordon (1988), which explains how supply-side price pressures affect business operations. The model employs a 90-day rate of change to capture medium-term cost trends while filtering out short-term volatility:
Cost_Pressure = -1 × (PPI_t / PPI_{t-90} - 1)
The negative weighting reflects the inverse relationship between input costs and business conditions.
2.6 Monetary Policy Impact Component
Monetary Policy Impact represents the sixth component, incorporating federal funds rates and yield curve dynamics. Small businesses are particularly sensitive to interest rate changes due to their higher reliance on variable-rate financing and limited access to capital markets. The theoretical foundation comes from monetary transmission mechanism theory as developed by Bernanke and Blinder (1992), which explains how monetary policy affects different segments of the economy.
The model calculates the absolute deviation of federal funds rates from a neutral 2% level, recognizing that both extremely low and high rates can create operational challenges for small enterprises. The yield curve component captures the shape of the term structure, which affects both borrowing costs and economic expectations:
Monetary_Impact = γ₁ × |Fed_Funds_Rate_t - 2.0| + γ₂ × (10Y_Yield_t - 2Y_Yield_t)
2.7 Currency Valuation Effects Component
Currency Valuation Effects constitute the seventh component, measuring the impact of US Dollar strength on small business competitiveness. A stronger dollar can benefit businesses with significant import components while disadvantaging exporters. The model employs Dollar Index volatility as a proxy for currency-related uncertainty that affects small business planning and operations.
The theoretical foundation draws from international trade theory and the work of Krugman (1987) on exchange rate effects on different business segments. Small businesses often lack hedging capabilities, making them more vulnerable to currency fluctuations:
Currency_Impact = -1 × DXY_Volatility_t
2.8 Regional Banking Health Component
The eighth and final component, Regional Banking Health, assesses the relative performance of regional banks compared to large financial institutions. Regional banks traditionally serve as primary lenders to small businesses, making their health a critical factor in small business credit availability and overall operating conditions.
This component draws from the literature on relationship banking as developed by Boot (2000), which demonstrates the importance of bank-borrower relationships, particularly for small enterprises. The calculation compares regional bank performance to large financial institutions:
Banking_Health = (Regional_Banks_Index_t / Large_Banks_Index_t) - 1
3. Statistical Methodology and Advanced Analytics
The model employs statistical techniques to ensure robustness and reliability. Z-score normalization is applied to each component using rolling 252-day windows, providing standardized measures that remain consistent across different time periods and market conditions. This approach follows the methodology established by Engle and Granger (1987) in their cointegration analysis framework.
3.1 Variance-Weighted Aggregation
The composite index calculation utilizes variance-weighted aggregation, where component weights are determined by the inverse of their historical variance. This approach, derived from modern portfolio theory, ensures that more stable components receive higher weights while reducing the impact of highly volatile factors. The mathematical formulation follows the principle that optimal weights are inversely proportional to variance, maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio of the composite indicator.
The weight for component i is calculated as:
w_i = (1/σᵢ²) / Σⱼ(1/σⱼ²)
where σᵢ² represents the variance of component i over the lookback period.
3.2 Higher-Order Moment Analysis
Higher-order moment analysis extends beyond traditional mean and variance calculations to include skewness and kurtosis measurements. Skewness provides insight into the asymmetry of the sentiment distribution, while kurtosis measures the tail behavior and potential for extreme events. These metrics offer valuable information about the underlying distribution characteristics and potential regime changes.
Skewness is calculated as:
Skewness = E / σ³
Kurtosis is calculated as:
Kurtosis = E / σ⁴ - 3
where μ represents the mean and σ represents the standard deviation of the distribution.
3.3 Regime-Switching Detection
The model incorporates regime-switching detection capabilities based on the Hamilton (1989) framework. This allows for identification of different economic regimes characterized by distinct statistical properties. The regime classification employs percentile-based thresholds:
- Regime 3 (Very High): Percentile rank > 80
- Regime 2 (High): Percentile rank 60-80
- Regime 1 (Moderate High): Percentile rank 50-60
- Regime 0 (Neutral): Percentile rank 40-50
- Regime -1 (Moderate Low): Percentile rank 30-40
- Regime -2 (Low): Percentile rank 20-30
- Regime -3 (Very Low): Percentile rank < 20
3.4 Information Theory Applications
The model incorporates information theory concepts, specifically Shannon entropy measurement, to assess the information content of the sentiment distribution. Shannon entropy, as developed by Shannon (1948), provides a measure of the uncertainty or information content in a probability distribution:
H(X) = -Σᵢ p(xᵢ) log₂ p(xᵢ)
Higher entropy values indicate greater unpredictability and information content in the sentiment series.
3.5 Long-Term Memory Analysis
The Hurst exponent calculation provides insight into the long-term memory characteristics of the sentiment series. Originally developed by Hurst (1951) for analyzing Nile River flow patterns, this measure has found extensive application in financial time series analysis. The Hurst exponent H is calculated using the rescaled range statistic:
H = log(R/S) / log(T)
where R/S represents the rescaled range and T represents the time period. Values of H > 0.5 indicate long-term positive autocorrelation (persistence), while H < 0.5 indicates mean-reverting behavior.
3.6 Structural Break Detection
The model employs Chow test approximation for structural break detection, based on the methodology developed by Chow (1960). This technique identifies potential structural changes in the underlying relationships by comparing the stability of regression parameters across different time periods:
Chow_Statistic = (RSS_restricted - RSS_unrestricted) / RSS_unrestricted × (n-2k)/k
where RSS represents residual sum of squares, n represents sample size, and k represents the number of parameters.
4. Implementation Parameters and Configuration
4.1 Language Selection Parameters
The model provides comprehensive multi-language support across five languages: English, German (Deutsch), Spanish (Español), French (Français), and Japanese (日本語). This feature enhances accessibility for international users and ensures cultural appropriateness in terminology usage. The language selection affects all internal displays, statistical classifications, and alert messages while maintaining consistency in underlying calculations.
4.2 Model Configuration Parameters
Calculation Method: Users can select from four aggregation methodologies:
- Equal-Weighted: All components receive identical weights
- Variance-Weighted: Components weighted inversely to their historical variance
- Principal Component: Weights determined through principal component analysis
- Dynamic: Adaptive weighting based on recent performance
Sector Specification: The model allows for sector-specific calibration:
- General: Broad-based small business assessment
- Retail: Emphasis on consumer demand and seasonal factors
- Manufacturing: Enhanced weighting of input costs and currency effects
- Services: Focus on labor market dynamics and consumer demand
- Construction: Emphasis on credit conditions and monetary policy
Lookback Period: Statistical analysis window ranging from 126 to 504 trading days, with 252 days (one business year) as the optimal default based on academic research.
Smoothing Period: Exponential moving average period from 1 to 21 days, with 5 days providing optimal noise reduction while preserving signal integrity.
4.3 Statistical Threshold Parameters
Upper Statistical Boundary: Configurable threshold between 60-80 (default 70) representing the upper significance level for regime classification.
Lower Statistical Boundary: Configurable threshold between 20-40 (default 30) representing the lower significance level for regime classification.
Statistical Significance Level (α): Alpha level for statistical tests, configurable between 0.01-0.10 with 0.05 as the standard academic default.
4.4 Display and Visualization Parameters
Color Theme Selection: Eight professional color schemes optimized for different user preferences and accessibility requirements:
- Gold: Traditional financial industry colors
- EdgeTools: Professional blue-gray scheme
- Behavioral: Psychology-based color mapping
- Quant: Value-based quantitative color scheme
- Ocean: Blue-green maritime theme
- Fire: Warm red-orange theme
- Matrix: Green-black technology theme
- Arctic: Cool blue-white theme
Dark Mode Optimization: Automatic color adjustment for dark chart backgrounds, ensuring optimal readability across different viewing conditions.
Line Width Configuration: Main index line thickness adjustable from 1-5 pixels for optimal visibility.
Background Intensity: Transparency control for statistical regime backgrounds, adjustable from 90-99% for subtle visual enhancement without distraction.
4.5 Alert System Configuration
Alert Frequency Options: Three frequency settings to match different trading styles:
- Once Per Bar: Single alert per bar formation
- Once Per Bar Close: Alert only on confirmed bar close
- All: Continuous alerts for real-time monitoring
Statistical Extreme Alerts: Notifications when the index reaches 99% confidence levels (Z-score > 2.576 or < -2.576).
Regime Transition Alerts: Notifications when statistical boundaries are crossed, indicating potential regime changes.
5. Practical Application and Interpretation Guidelines
5.1 Index Interpretation Framework
The SBO-SAM index operates on a 0-100 scale with statistical normalization ensuring consistent interpretation across different time periods and market conditions. Values above 70 indicate statistically elevated small business conditions, suggesting favorable operating environment with potential for expansion and growth. Values below 30 indicate statistically reduced conditions, suggesting challenging operating environment with potential constraints on business activity.
The median reference line at 50 represents the long-term equilibrium level, with deviations providing insight into cyclical conditions relative to historical norms. The statistical confidence bands at 95% levels (approximately ±2 standard deviations) help identify when conditions reach statistically significant extremes.
5.2 Regime Classification System
The model employs a seven-level regime classification system based on percentile rankings:
Very High Regime (P80+): Exceptional small business conditions, typically associated with strong economic growth, easy credit availability, and favorable regulatory environment. Historical analysis suggests these periods often precede economic peaks and may warrant caution regarding sustainability.
High Regime (P60-80): Above-average conditions supporting business expansion and investment. These periods typically feature moderate growth, stable credit conditions, and positive consumer sentiment.
Moderate High Regime (P50-60): Slightly above-normal conditions with mixed signals. Careful monitoring of individual components helps identify emerging trends.
Neutral Regime (P40-50): Balanced conditions near long-term equilibrium. These periods often represent transition phases between different economic cycles.
Moderate Low Regime (P30-40): Slightly below-normal conditions with emerging headwinds. Early warning signals may appear in credit conditions or consumer demand.
Low Regime (P20-30): Below-average conditions suggesting challenging operating environment. Businesses may face constraints on growth and expansion.
Very Low Regime (P0-20): Severely constrained conditions, typically associated with economic recessions or financial crises. These periods often present opportunities for contrarian positioning.
5.3 Component Analysis and Diagnostics
Individual component analysis provides valuable diagnostic information about the underlying drivers of overall conditions. Divergences between components can signal emerging trends or structural changes in the economy.
Credit-Labor Divergence: When credit conditions improve while labor markets tighten, this may indicate early-stage economic acceleration with potential wage pressures.
Demand-Cost Divergence: Strong consumer demand coupled with rising input costs suggests inflationary pressures that may constrain small business margins.
Market-Fundamental Divergence: Disconnection between small-cap equity performance and fundamental conditions may indicate market inefficiencies or changing investor sentiment.
5.4 Temporal Analysis and Trend Identification
The model provides multiple temporal perspectives through momentum analysis, rate of change calculations, and trend decomposition. The 20-day momentum indicator helps identify short-term directional changes, while the Hodrick-Prescott filter approximation separates cyclical components from long-term trends.
Acceleration analysis through second-order momentum calculations provides early warning signals for potential trend reversals. Positive acceleration during declining conditions may indicate approaching inflection points, while negative acceleration during improving conditions may suggest momentum loss.
5.5 Statistical Confidence and Uncertainty Quantification
The model provides comprehensive uncertainty quantification through confidence intervals, volatility measures, and regime stability analysis. The 95% confidence bands help users understand the statistical significance of current readings and identify when conditions reach historically extreme levels.
Volatility analysis provides insight into the stability of current conditions, with higher volatility indicating greater uncertainty and potential for rapid changes. The regime stability measure, calculated as the inverse of volatility, helps assess the sustainability of current conditions.
6. Risk Management and Limitations
6.1 Model Limitations and Assumptions
The SBO-SAM model operates under several important assumptions that users must understand for proper interpretation. The model assumes that historical relationships between economic variables remain stable over time, though the regime-switching framework helps accommodate some structural changes. The 252-day lookback period provides reasonable statistical power while maintaining sensitivity to changing conditions, but may not capture longer-term structural shifts.
The model's reliance on publicly available economic data introduces inherent lags in some components, particularly those based on government statistics. Users should consider these timing differences when interpreting real-time conditions. Additionally, the model's focus on quantitative factors may not fully capture qualitative factors such as regulatory changes, geopolitical events, or technological disruptions that could significantly impact small business conditions.
The model's timeframe restrictions ensure statistical validity by preventing application to intraday periods where the underlying economic relationships may be distorted by market microstructure effects, trading noise, and temporal misalignment with the fundamental data sources. Users must utilize daily or longer timeframes to ensure the model's statistical foundations remain valid and interpretable.
6.2 Data Quality and Reliability Considerations
The model's accuracy depends heavily on the quality and availability of underlying economic data. Market-based components such as equity indices and bond prices provide real-time information but may be subject to short-term volatility unrelated to fundamental conditions. Economic statistics provide more stable fundamental information but may be subject to revisions and reporting delays.
Users should be aware that extreme market conditions may temporarily distort some components, particularly those based on financial market data. The model's statistical normalization helps mitigate these effects, but users should exercise additional caution during periods of market stress or unusual volatility.
6.3 Interpretation Caveats and Best Practices
The SBO-SAM model provides statistical analysis and should not be interpreted as investment advice or predictive forecasting. The model's output represents an assessment of current conditions based on historical relationships and may not accurately predict future outcomes. Users should combine the model's insights with other analytical tools and fundamental analysis for comprehensive decision-making.
The model's regime classifications are based on historical percentile rankings and may not fully capture the unique characteristics of current economic conditions. Users should consider the broader economic context and potential structural changes when interpreting regime classifications.
7. Academic References and Bibliography
Bernanke, B. S., & Blinder, A. S. (1992). The Federal Funds Rate and the Channels of Monetary Transmission. American Economic Review, 82(4), 901-921.
Bernanke, B. S., & Gertler, M. (1995). Inside the Black Box: The Credit Channel of Monetary Policy Transmission. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9(4), 27-48.
Boot, A. W. A. (2000). Relationship Banking: What Do We Know? Journal of Financial Intermediation, 9(1), 7-25.
Chow, G. C. (1960). Tests of Equality Between Sets of Coefficients in Two Linear Regressions. Econometrica, 28(3), 591-605.
Dunkelberg, W. C., & Wade, H. (2023). NFIB Small Business Economic Trends. National Federation of Independent Business Research Foundation, Washington, D.C.
Engle, R. F., & Granger, C. W. J. (1987). Co-integration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation, and Testing. Econometrica, 55(2), 251-276.
Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work. Journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417.
Federal Reserve Board. (2024). Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington, D.C.
Friedman, M. (1957). A Theory of the Consumption Function. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
Gordon, R. J. (1988). The Role of Wages in the Inflation Process. American Economic Review, 78(2), 276-283.
Hamilton, J. D. (1989). A New Approach to the Economic Analysis of Nonstationary Time Series and the Business Cycle. Econometrica, 57(2), 357-384.
Hurst, H. E. (1951). Long-term Storage Capacity of Reservoirs. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 116(1), 770-799.
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263-291.
Krugman, P. (1987). Pricing to Market When the Exchange Rate Changes. In S. W. Arndt & J. D. Richardson (Eds.), Real-Financial Linkages among Open Economies (pp. 49-70). MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio Selection. Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77-91.
Mortensen, D. T., & Pissarides, C. A. (1994). Job Creation and Job Destruction in the Theory of Unemployment. Review of Economic Studies, 61(3), 397-415.
Shannon, C. E. (1948). A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27(3), 379-423.
Sharpe, W. F. (1964). Capital Asset Prices: A Theory of Market Equilibrium under Conditions of Risk. Journal of Finance, 19(3), 425-442.
Tsay, R. S. (2010). Analysis of Financial Time Series (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ.
U.S. Small Business Administration. (2024). Small Business Profile. Office of Advocacy, Washington, D.C.
8. Technical Implementation Notes
The SBO-SAM model is implemented in Pine Script version 6 for the TradingView platform, ensuring compatibility with modern charting and analysis tools. The implementation follows best practices for financial indicator development, including proper error handling, data validation, and performance optimization.
The model includes comprehensive timeframe validation to ensure statistical accuracy and reliability. The indicator operates exclusively on daily (1D) timeframes or higher, including weekly (1W), monthly (1M), and longer periods. This restriction ensures that the statistical analysis maintains appropriate temporal resolution for the underlying economic data sources, which are primarily reported on daily or longer intervals.
When users attempt to apply the model to intraday timeframes (such as 1-minute, 5-minute, 15-minute, 30-minute, 1-hour, 2-hour, 4-hour, 6-hour, 8-hour, or 12-hour charts), the system displays a comprehensive error message in the user's selected language and prevents execution. This safeguard protects users from potentially misleading results that could occur when applying daily-based economic analysis to shorter timeframes where the underlying data relationships may not hold.
The model's statistical calculations are performed using vectorized operations where possible to ensure computational efficiency. The multi-language support system employs Unicode character encoding to ensure proper display of international characters across different platforms and devices.
The alert system utilizes TradingView's native alert functionality, providing users with flexible notification options including email, SMS, and webhook integrations. The alert messages include comprehensive statistical information to support informed decision-making.
The model's visualization system employs professional color schemes designed for optimal readability across different chart backgrounds and display devices. The system includes dynamic color transitions based on momentum and volatility, professional glow effects for enhanced line visibility, and transparency controls that allow users to customize the visual intensity to match their preferences and analytical requirements. The clean confidence band implementation provides clear statistical boundaries without visual distractions, maintaining focus on the analytical content.
Strong Candle Detector (Candles Close UP/DOWN)The Strong Candle Detector highlights candles that close decisively above or below the previous candle’s range, which means the resting liquidity of the previous candle has been entirely absorbed.
How it works:
A candle is considered Bullish (UP) when its close is higher than the previous candle’s high.
A candle is considered Bearish (DOWN) when its close is lower than the previous candle’s low.
This tool helps traders:
Spot strong breakouts or breakdowns.
Know when a liquidity sweep of a previous candle's extremes has failed
Quickly identify potential momentum continuation or reversal points.
Improve chart clarity by emphasizing only significant candles.
⚠️ Note: This indicator does not provide buy/sell signals. It is meant as a visual aid to support your trading strategy.
cd_indiCATor_CxGeneral:
This indicator is the redesigned, simplified, and feature-enhanced version of the previously shared indicators:
cd_cisd_market_Cx, cd_HTF_Bias_Cx, cd_sweep&cisd_Cx, cd_SMT_Sweep_CISD_Cx, and cd_RSI_divergence_Cx.
Within the holistic setup, the indicator tracks:
• HTF bias
• Market structure (trend) in the current timeframe
• Divergence between selected pairs (SMT)
• Divergence between price and RSI values
• Whether the price is in an important area (FVG, iFVG, and Volume Imbalance)
• Whether the price is at a key level
• Whether the price is within a user-defined special timeframe
The main condition and trigger of the setup is an HTF sweep with CISD confirmation on the aligned timeframe.
When the main condition occurs, the indicator provides the user with a real-time market status summary, enriched with other data.
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What’s new?
-In the SMT module:
• Triad SMT analysis (e.g.: NQ1!, ES1!, and YM1!)
• Dyad SMT analysis (e.g.: EURUSD, GBPUSD)
• Alternative pair definition and divergence analysis for non-correlated assets
o For crypto assets (xxxUSDT <--> xxxUSDT.P) (e.g.: SOLUSDT.P, SOLUSDT)
o For stocks, divergence analysis by comparing the asset with its value in another currency
(BIST:xxx <--> BIST:xxx / EURTRY), (BAT:xxx <--> BAT:xxx / EURUSD)
-Special timeframe definition
-Configurable multi-option alarm center
-Alternative summary presentation (check list / status table / stickers)
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Details and usage:
The user needs to configure four main sections:
• Pair and correlated pairs
• Timeframes (Auto / Manual)
• Alarm center
• Visual arrangement and selections
Pair Selections:
The user should adjust trading pairs according to their trade preferences.
Examples:
• Triad: NQ1!-ES1!-YM1!, BTC-ETH-Total3
• Dyad: NAS100-US500, XAUUSD-XAGUSD, XRPUSDT-XLMUSDT
Single pairs:
-Crypto Assets:
If crypto assets are not in the triad or dyad list, they are automatically matched as:
Perpetual <--> Spot (e.g.: DOGEUSDT.P <--> DOGEUSDT)
If the asset is already defined in a dyad list (e.g., DOGE – SHIB), the dyad definition takes priority.
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-Stocks:
If stocks are defined in the dyad list (e.g.: BIST:THYAO <--> BIST:PGSUS), the dyad definition takes priority.
If not defined, the stock is compared with its value in the selected currency.
For example, in the Turkish Stock Exchange:
BIST:FENER stock, if EUR is chosen from the menu, is compared as BIST:FENER / OANDA:EURTRY.
Here, “OANDA” and the stock market currency (TRY) are automatically applied for the exchange rate.
For NYSE:XOM, its pair will be NYSE:XOM / EURUSD.
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Timeframes:
By default, the menu is set to “Auto.” In this mode, aligned timeframes are automatically selected.
Aligned timeframes (LTF-HTF):
1m-15m, 3m-30m, 5m-1h, 15m-4h, 1h-D, 4h-W, D-M
Example: if monitoring the chart on 5m:
• 1h sweep + 5m CISD confirmation
• D sweep + 1h CISD confirmation (bias)
• 5m market structure
• 1h SMT and 1h RSI divergence analysis
For manual selections, the user must define the timeframes for Sweep and HTF bias.
FVG, iFVG, and Volume Imbalance timeframes must be manually set in both modes.
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Alarm Center:
The user can choose according to preferred criteria.
Each row has options.
“Yes” → included in alarm condition.
“No” → not included in alarm condition.
If special timeframe criteria are added to the alarm, the hour range must also be entered in the same row, and the “Special Zone” tab (default: -4) should be checked.
Key level timeframes and plot options must be set manually.
Example alarm setup:
Alongside the main Sweep + CISD condition, if we also want HTF bias + Trend alignment + key level (W, D) and special timeframe (09:00–11:00), we should set up the menu as follows:
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Visual Arrangement and Selections:
Users can control visibility with checkboxes according to their preferences.
In the Table & Sticker tab, table options and labels can be controlled.
• Summary Table has two options: Check list and Status Table
• From the HTF bias section, real-time bias and HTF sweep zone (optional) are displayed
• The RSI divergence section only shows divergence analysis results
• The SMT 2 sub-section only functions when triad is selected
Labels are shown on the bar where the sweep + CISD condition occurs, displaying the current situation.
With the Check box option, all criteria’s real-time status is shown (True/False).
Status Table provides a real-time summary table.
Although the menu may look crowded, most settings only need to be adjusted once during initial use.
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What’s next?
• Suggestions from users
• Standard deviation projection
• Mitigation/order blocks (cd special mtg)
• PSP /TPD
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Final note:
Every additional criterion in the alarm settings will affect alarm frequency.
Multiple conditions occurring at the same time is not, by itself, sufficient to enter a trade—you should always apply your own judgment.
Looking forward to your feedback and suggestions.
Happy trading! 🎉
Volume Bubbles & Liquidity Heatmap [LuxAlgo]The Volume Bubbles & Liquidity Heatmap indicator highlights volume and liquidity clearly and precisely with its volume bubbles and liquidity heat map, allowing to identify key price areas.
Customize the bubbles with different time frames and different display modes: total volume, buy and sell volume, or delta volume.
🔶 USAGE
The primary objective of this tool is to offer traders a straightforward method for analyzing volume on any selected timeframe.
By default, the tool displays buy and sell volume bubbles for the daily timeframe over the last 2,000 bars. Traders should be aware of the difference between the timeframe of the chart and that of the bubbles.
The tool also displays a liquidity heat map to help traders identify price areas where liquidity accumulates or is lacking.
🔹 Volume Bubbles
The bubbles have three possible display modes:
Total Volume: Displays the total volume of trades per bubble.
Buy & Sell Volume: Each bubble is divided into buy and sell volume.
Delta Volume: Displays the difference between buy and sell volume.
Each bubble represents the trading volume for a given period. By default, the timeframe for each bubble is set to daily, meaning each bubble represents the trading volume for each day.
The size of each bubble is proportional to the volume traded; a larger bubble indicates greater volume, while a smaller bubble indicates lower volume.
The color of each bubble indicates the dominant volume: green for buy volume and red for sell volume.
One of the tool's main goals is to facilitate simple, clear, multi-timeframe volume analysis.
The previous chart shows Delta Volume bubbles with various chart and bubble timeframe configurations.
To correctly visualize the bubbles, traders must ensure there is a sufficient number of bars per bubble. This is achieved by using a lower chart timeframe and a higher bubble timeframe.
As can be seen in the image above, the greater the difference between the chart and bubble timeframes, the better the visualization.
🔹 Liquidity Heatmap
The other main element of the tool is the liquidity heatmap. By default, it divides the chart into 25 different price areas and displays the accumulated trading volume on each.
The image above shows a 4-hour BTC chart displaying only the liquidity heatmap. Traders should be aware of these key price areas and observe how the price behaves in them, looking for possible opportunities to engage with the market.
The main parameters for controlling the heatmap on the settings panel are Rows and Cell Minimum Size. Rows modifies the number of horizontal price areas displayed, while Cell Minimum Size modifies the minimum size of each liquidity cell in each row.
As can be seen in the above BTC hourly chart, the cell size is 24 at the top and 168 at the bottom. The cells are smaller on top and bigger on the bottom.
The color of each cell reflects the liquidity size with a gradient; this reflects the total volume traded within each cell. The default colors are:
Red: larger liquidity
Yellow: medium liquidity
Blue: lower liquidity
🔹 Using Both Tools Together
This indicator provides the means to identify directional bias and market timing.
The main idea is that if buyers are strong, prices are likely to increase, and if sellers are strong, prices are likely to decrease. This gives us a directional bias for opening long or short positions. Then, we combine our directional bias with price rejection or acceptance of key liquidity levels to determine the timing of opening or closing our positions.
Now, let's review some charts.
This first chart is BTC 1H with Delta Weekly Bubbles. Delta Bubbles measure the difference between buy and sell volume, so we can easily see which group is dominant (buyers or sellers) and how strong they are in any given week. This, along with the key price areas displayed by the Liquidity Heatmap, can help us navigate the markets.
We divided market behavior into seven groups, and each group has several bubbles, numbered from 1 to 17.
Bubbles 1, 2, and 3: After strong buyers market consolidates with positive delta, prices move up next week.
Bubbles 3, 4, and 5: Strength changes from buyers to sellers. Next week, prices go down.
Bubbles 6 and 7: The market trades at higher prices, but with negative delta. Next week, prices go down.
Bubbles 7, 8, and 9: Strength changes from sellers to buyers. Next weeks (9 and 10), prices go up.
Bubbles 10, 11, and 12: After strong buyers prices trade higher with a negative delta. Next weeks (12 and 13) prices go down.
Bubbles 12, 14, and 15: Strength changes from sellers to buyers; next week, prices increase.
Bubbles 15 and 16: The market trades higher with a very small positive delta; next week, prices go down.
Current bubble/week 17 is not yet finished. Right now, it is trading lower, but with a smaller negative delta than last week. This may signal that sellers are losing strength and that a potential reversal will follow, with prices trading higher.
This is the same BTC 1H chart, but with price rejections from key liquidity areas acting as strong price barriers.
When prices reach a key area with strong liquidity and are rejected, it signals a good time to take action.
By observing price behavior at certain key price levels, we can improve our timing for entering or exiting the markets.
🔶 DETAILS
🔹 Bubbles Display
From the settings panel, traders can configure the bubbles with four main parameters: Mode, Timeframe, Size%, and Shape.
The image above shows five-minute BTC charts with execution over the last 3,500 bars, different display modes, a daily timeframe, 100% size, and shape one.
The Size % parameter controls the overall size of the bubbles, while the Shape parameter controls their vertical growth.
Since the chart has two scales, one for time and one for price, traders can use the Shape parameter to make the bubbles round.
The chart above shows the same bubbles with different size and shape parameters.
You can also customize data labels and timeframe separators from the settings panel.
🔶 SETTINGS
Execute on last X bars: Number of bars for indicator execution
🔹 Bubbles
Display Bubbles: Enable/Disable volume bubbles.
Bubble Mode: Select from the following options: total volume, buy and sell volume, or the delta between buy and sell volume.
Bubble Timeframe: Select the timeframe for which the bubbles will be displayed.
Bubble Size %: Select the size of the bubbles as a percentage.
Bubble Shape: Select the shape of the bubbles. The larger the number, the more vertical the bubbles will be stretched.
🔹 Labels
Display Labels: Enable/Disable data labels, select size and location.
🔹 Separators
Display Separators: Enable/Disable timeframe separators and select color.
🔹 Liquidity Heatmap
Display Heatmap: Enable/Disable liquidity heatmap.
Heatmap Rows: select number of rows to be displayed.
Cell Minimum Size: Select the minimum size for each cell in each row.
Colors.
🔹 Style
Buy & Sell Volume Colors.
oi + funding oscillator cryptosmartThe oi + funding oscillator cryptosmart is an advanced momentum tool designed to gauge sentiment in the crypto derivatives market. It combines Open Interest (OI) changes with Funding Rates, normalizes them into a single oscillator using a z-score, and identifies potential market extremes.
This provides traders with a powerful visual guide to spot when the market is over-leveraged (overheated) or when a significant deleveraging event has occurred (oversold), signaling potential reversals.
How It Works
Combined Data: The indicator tracks the rate of change in Open Interest and the value of Funding Rates.
Oscillator: It blends these two data points into a single, smoothed oscillator line that moves above and below a zero line.
Extreme Zones:
Overheated (Red Zone): When the oscillator enters the upper critical zone, it suggests excessive greed and high leverage, increasing the risk of a sharp correction (long squeeze). A cross below this level generates a potential sell signal.
Oversold (Green Zone): When the oscillator enters the lower critical zone, it indicates panic, liquidations, and a potential market bottom. A cross above this level generates a potential buy signal.
Trading Strategy & Timeframes
This oscillator is designed to be versatile, but its effectiveness can vary depending on the timeframe.
Optimal Timeframes (1H and 4H): The indicator has shown its highest effectiveness on the 1-hour and 4-hour charts. These timeframes are ideal for capturing significant shifts in market sentiment reflected in OI and funding data, filtering out short-term noise while still providing timely reversal signals.
Lower Timeframes (e.g., 1-min, 5-min, 15-min): On shorter timeframes, the oscillator is still a highly effective tool, but it is best used as a confluence factor within a broader trading system. Due to the increased noise on these charts, it is not recommended to use its signals in isolation. Instead, use it as a final argument for entry. For example, if your primary scalping strategy gives you a buy signal, you can check if the oscillator is also exiting the oversold (green) zone to add a powerful layer of confirmation to your trade.
DMI Histogram IndicatorThe Directional Movement Index (DMI) was originally developed by J. Welles Wilder Jr. in 1978. Wilder introduced the DMI along with the Average Directional Index (ADX) in his book, “New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems,” which became a foundational reference for technical analysis.
The indicator can be a bit intimidating for people to interpret if they aren't familiar with it. So this DMI Histogram uses the underlying DMI data to present a different way to visualize the price movement and trend. The goal is to help provide insight into the rising or falling momentum behind the price, at times when the chart itself may not be as obvious. This could potentially help spot a momentum divergence before it plays out on the chart.
The user has the option of displaying ADX reversals as red and green arrows. The ADX is the trend indicator portion of the DMI. When it changes direction, that sometimes leads to shift in who is exerting the most influence on the price, buyers or sellers.
The user also has the option of coloring the candlesticks to match the histogram.
This indicator is meant to be combined with other indicators and other chart analysis tools.
Moving Average Signals : Support ResistanceThis indicator plots a Simple Moving Average (default 50-period, adjustable) and highlights potential bounce or rejection signals when price interacts with the SMA.
It is designed to identify moments when price tests the moving average from one side and then continues in the prior direction, signaling a possible continuation trade.
🔴 Red Triangle (Bearish Rejection)
A red triangle is plotted above the bar when:
Price has been trading below the SMA.
Price tests the SMA from below (the high touches or pierces the SMA but closes back below it).
Price then continues lower on the next bar.
This suggests the SMA acted as resistance and the downtrend may resume.
🟢 Green Triangle (Bullish Rejection)
A green triangle is plotted below the bar when:
Price has been trading above the SMA.
Price tests the SMA from above (the low touches or pierces the SMA but closes back above it).
Price then continues higher on the next bar.
This suggests the SMA acted as support and the uptrend may resume.
⚡ HOW TO USE IN TRADING
Trend Confirmation
Use this indicator in trending markets (not choppy ranges).
A rising SMA suggests bullish trend bias; a falling SMA suggests bearish trend bias.
Signal Entry
Green Triangle: Consider long entries when the SMA supports price and a bullish continuation is signaled.
Red Triangle: Consider short entries when the SMA rejects price and a bearish continuation is signaled.
Stop-Loss Placement
Place stops just beyond the SMA or the rejection candle’s high/low.
Example: For a red signal, stop above the SMA or rejection candle’s high.
Take-Profit Ideas
Target prior swing highs/lows or use risk/reward multiples (e.g., 2R, 3R).
You can also trail stops behind the SMA in a strong trend.
Filters for Higher Accuracy (optional)
Confirm signals with volume, momentum indicators (e.g., RSI, MACD), or higher-timeframe trend.
Avoid trading signals against strong higher-timeframe bias.
Full Candle Higher/Lower (No Repeats)🔎 What the Script Does (Pine Script v6)
Keeps track of the last signal
Uses a persistent variable lastSignal (initialized once as "none").
Ensures that if a signal repeats consecutively, it won’t be triggered again.
Defines the conditions for a “Higher” or “Lower” candle sequence
Higher condition:
Current close > previous high, AND previous low ≤ the high of two bars ago.
→ This means the candle has fully broken higher.
Lower condition:
Current close < previous low, AND previous high ≥ the low of two bars ago.
→ This means the candle has fully broken lower.
Checks for new signals only
If a candle meets the condition and the last signal wasn’t the same, a new signal is triggered.
Updates lastSignal to prevent repeats.
Plots labels/arrows
A “Higher” signal shows a green label below the bar.
A “Lower” signal shows a red label above the bar.
Sets alerts
So you can be notified in TradingView whenever a “Higher” or “Lower” flag is detected.
📊 Trading Logic in Words
The indicator is looking for full candle breakouts.
If a candle closes above the previous high (with some confirmation from older bars), it flags it as a “Higher” signal.
If a candle closes below the previous low (with similar confirmation), it flags it as a “Lower” signal.
It avoids duplicate consecutive signals by remembering what the last one was.
✅ Why It’s Useful
Helps traders spot momentum continuation candles (strong push candles).
Reduces noise by not repeating the same signal multiple times in a row.
Works like a breakout detector that tells you when the market is making a new leg up or new leg down.
