Variation from Opening📈 Purpose: This script provides traders with a clear visualization of the percentage variation from the opening price for two major futures contracts: ES1! (S&P 500 futures) and NQ1! (Nasdaq 100 futures).
🔑 Key Features:
Real-Time Price Retrieval: Fetches the latest opening prices for ES1! and NQ1! contracts.
Percentage Variation Computation: Determines the percentage change from the opening price, offering traders an immediate view of market dynamics.
Clear Visualization: Plots the percentage variation for both contracts in distinct colors (red for ES1! and blue for NQ1!) for easy differentiation.
💡 Benefits:
Informed Trading: Understand intraday price movements to make better trading decisions.
Versatility: While tailored for ES1! and NQ1!, the script can be adapted for other securities.
Clean Display: A focused, clutter-free chart ensures traders can quickly gauge market movements.
🎯 Ideal For: Traders looking to monitor intraday price shifts of major futures contracts.
Equip yourself with the "Variation from Opening" script and enhance your trading insights!
"sentiment"に関するスクリプトを検索
Combined Stock Session Percent Change MonitorIntroducing the "Combined Stock Session Percent Change Monitor" - a unique tool tailored for traders who wish to track the collective performance of up to five stocks in real-time during a trading session.
Key Features:
User Customization: Easily input and monitor any five stock symbols of your choice. By default, the script tracks "AAPL", "MSFT", "AMZN", "TSLA", and "NVDA".
Session-Based Tracking: The script captures and calculates the percentage change from the start of a trading session, set at 15:30. This allows traders to gauge intraday performance.
Visual Clarity: The combined percentage change is plotted as columns, with green indicating a positive change and red indicating a negative change. This provides a clear, visual representation of the stocks' collective performance.
Versatility: Whether you're tracking the performance of stocks in a specific sector, or you're keeping an eye on your personal portfolio's top holdings, this tool offers a concise view of collective stock movement.
Usage:
Simply input the desired stock symbols and let the script do the rest. The plotted columns will provide a quick snapshot of how these stocks are performing collectively since the session's start.
Conclusion:
Stay ahead of the market by monitoring the combined performance of your chosen stocks. Whether you're an intraday trader or a long-term investor, this tool offers valuable insights into collective stock behavior. Happy trading!
(Note: Always conduct your own research and due diligence before making any trading decisions. This tool is meant to aid in analysis and not to serve as financial advice.)
Initial Balance Panel Strategy for BitcoinInitial Balance Strategy
Initial Balance Strategy uses a source code of "Initial Balance Monitoring Panel" that build from "Initial Balance Markets Time Zones - Overall Highest and Lowest".
Initial Balance is based on the highest and lowest price action within the first 60 minutes of trading. Reading online this can depict which way the market can trend for the session. More information about Initial Balance Panel you can read at the end of the article.
Strategy idea
The main idea is to catch the trend move when most of the 16 Crypto pairs break the Low or High levels together. I found good results when 15 of 16 pairs is break that levels and after we manage the trade within some trail stop indicator, I choose Volatility Stop for this strategy.
Additional Strategy idea
The second one idea that was not made is to catch the pullback after fully green/red zones in Initial Balance Panel become white. That mean the main trend can be finished and we can try to catch good pullback in opposite direction.
Binance Crypto pairs
The strategy use the 16 default Crypto currencies pairs from the Binance. As additional variations of the strategy can be changing the currencies pairs and their number.
List of default pairs:
BINANCE:BTCUSDT, BINANCE:ETHUSDT, BINANCE:EOSUSDT, BINANCE:LTCUSDT, BINANCE:XRPUSDT, BINANCE:DASHUSDT, BINANCE:IOTAUSDT, BINANCE:NEOUSDT, BINANCE:QTUMUSDT, BINANCE:XMRUSDT, BINANCE:ZECUSDT, BINANCE:ETCUSDT, BINANCE:ADAUSDT, BINANCE:XTZUSDT, BINANCE:LINKUSDT, BINANCE:DOTUSDT
Summary
The strategy works very well for a buy trades with settings 15 crypto pairs of 16 that follow the trend with breaking the long initial balance level.
Initial Balance Monitoring Panel
Allows you to have an instant view of 16 Crypto pairs within a monitoring panel, monitoring Initial Balance (Asia, London, New York Stock Exchanges).
The code can easily be changed to suit the crypto pairs you are trading.
The setup of my chart would also include this indicator and the "Initial Balance Markets Time Zones - Overall Highest and Lowest" (with all IBs enabled) as shown above.
Initial Balance is based on the highest and lowest price action within the first 60 minutes of trading. Reading online this can depict which way the market can trend for the session.
The indicator has been coded for Crypto (so other symbols may not work as expected).
Though Initial Balance is based off the first 60 minutes of the trading markets opening, but Crypto is 24/7, this indicator looks at how Asia, London and New York Stock Exchanges opening trading can affect Crypto price action.
Source: Initial Balance Monitoring Panel
Cumulative TICK Trend[Pt]Cumulative TICK Trend indicator is a comprehensive trading tool that uses TICK data to define the market's cumulative trend. Trend is shown on ATR EMA bands, which is overlaid on the price chart. Cumulative TICK shown on the bottom pane is for reference only.
Main features of the Cumulative TICK Trend Indicator include:
Selectable TICK Source: You have the flexibility to choose your preferred TICK source from the following options, depending on the market you trade: USI:TICK, USI:TICKQ, USI:TICKI, and USI:TICKA.
TICK Data Type: Select the type of TICK data to use, options include: Close, Open, hl2, ohlc4, hlc3.
Simple Moving Average (SMA): You can choose to apply an SMA on the calculated Cumulative TICK values with a customizable length.
Average True Range (ATR) Bands: It provides the option to display ATR bands with adjustable settings. This includes the ATR period, EMA period, source for the ATR calculation, and the ATR multiplier for the upper band.
Trend Color Customization: You can customize the color of the bull and bear trends according to your preference.
Smooth Line Option: This setting allows you to smooth the ATR Bands with a customizable length.
How it Works:
This indicator accumulates TICK data during market hours (9:30-16:00) as per the New York time zone and resets at the start of a new session or the end of the regular session. This cumulative TICK value is then used to determine the trend.
The trend is defined as bullish if the SMA of cumulative TICK is equal to or greater than zero and bearish if it's less than zero. Additionally, this indicator plots the ATR bands, which can be used as volatility measures. The Upper ATR Band and Lower ATR Band can be made smoother using the SMA, according to the trader's preference.
The plot includes two parts for each trend: a stronger color (Red for bear, Green for bull) when the trend is ongoing, and a lighter color when the trend seems to be changing.
Remember, this tool is intended to be used as part of a comprehensive trading strategy. Always ensure you are managing risk appropriately and consulting various data sources to make informed trading decisions.
Open Interest OffsetThis indicator is used to display whether there has been an abnormal increase or decrease in recent contract positions. Its usage is similar to the RSI indicator.
Please note that this indicator uses fixed (customizable) thresholds of 0.4 and 0.6 to indicate when abnormal opening and closing occur respectively. For some altcoins, their values may far exceed 0.4 so please adjust accordingly based on your symbol.
(1) When there is an abnormal increase in recent contract positions, the value of the indicator will be above 0.4. This means that there may be a liquidation market situation occurring subsequently. If the market background at this time is rising, it may not be suitable to continue buying because the indicator shows that it is currently overbought. On the contrary, it may be appropriate to sell now.
(2) When there is an abnormal decrease in recent contract positions, the value of the indicator will be below -0.4. This means that a liquidation market situation has occurred recently. If the market background at this time is falling, it may not be suitable to continue shorting because the indicator shows that it is currently oversold. On the contrary, it may be appropriate to buy now.
Special thanks to the following TradingView community members for providing open-source indicators and contributing to the development of this indicator!
Open Interest Delta - By Leviathan - @LeviathanCapital
Regarding the relationship with the above-mentioned open source indicator:
Indicator Open Interest Delta - By Leviathan - @LeviathanCapital obtained OI data for Binance USDT perpetual contracts in the code. We refer to their method of obtaining OI data in our code.
============= 中文版本 =============
该指标用于显示近期合约持仓量是否有异常的增加和减少。它的用法类似于RSI指标
请注意，该指标使用了固定的（可定制的）阈值0.4和0.6来提示异常开仓和平仓的发生。对于某些山寨币而言，指标的数值可能远大于0.4。请根据你所关注的标的自行调整
（1）当近期合约持仓量有异常的增加时，指标的值会在0.4以上。这意味着后续可能有清算行情的发生。若此时市场背景为上涨，此时可能不太适合继续做多，因为指标显示目前处于超买行情。相反，现在可能适合卖出
（2）当近期合约的持仓量有异常的减少时，指标的值会在-0.4以下。这意味着近期已经发生了清算行情。若此时市场背景为下跌，此时可能不太适合继续做空，因为指标显示目前处于超卖行情。相反，现在可能适合买入
特别感谢以下TradingView社区成员提供开源指标并为该指标的开发做出贡献！
Open Interest Delta - By Leviathan - @LeviathanCapital
与上述开源指标的关系：
指标Open Interest Delta - By Leviathan - @LeviathanCapital在代码中获取了Binance USDT永续合约的OI数据。我们在代码中参考他们获取OI数据的方式
Trend AngleIntroduction:
In today's post, we'll dive deep into the source code of a unique trading tool, the Trend Angle Indicator. The script is an indicator that calculates the trend angle for a given financial instrument. This powerful tool can help traders identify the strength and direction of a trend, allowing them to make informed decisions.
Overview of the Trend Angle Indicator:
The Trend Angle Indicator calculates the trend angle based on the slope of the price movement over a specified period. It uses an Exponential Moving Average (EMA) to smooth the data and an Epanechnikov kernel function for additional smoothing. The indicator provides a visual representation of the trend angle, making it easy to interpret for traders of all skill levels.
Let's break down the key components of the script:
Inputs:
Length: The number of periods to calculate the trend angle (default: 8)
Scale: A scaling factor for the ATR (Average True Range) calculation (default: 2)
Smoothing: The smoothing parameter for the Epanechnikov kernel function (default: 2)
Smoothing Factor: The radius of the Epanechnikov kernel function (default: 1)
Functions:
ema(): Exponential Moving Average calculation
atan2(): Arctangent function
degrees(): Conversion of radians to degrees
epanechnikov_kernel(): Epanechnikov kernel function for additional smoothing
Calculations:
atr: The EMA of the True Range
slope: The slope of the price movement over the given length
angle_rad: The angle of the slope in radians
degrees: The smoothed angle in degrees
Plotting:
Trend Angle: The trend angle, plotted as a line on the chart
Horizontal lines: 0, 90, and -90 degrees as reference points
How the Trend Angle Indicator Works:
The Trend Angle Indicator begins by calculating the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) of the True Range (TR) for a given financial instrument. This smooths the price data and provides a more accurate representation of the instrument's price movement.
Next, the indicator calculates the slope of the price movement over the specified length. This slope is then divided by the scaled ATR to normalize the trend angle based on the instrument's volatility. The angle is calculated using the atan2() function, which computes the arctangent of the slope.
The final step in the process is to smooth the trend angle using the Epanechnikov kernel function. This function provides additional smoothing to the trend angle, making it easier to interpret and reducing the impact of short-term price fluctuations.
Conclusion:
The Trend Angle Indicator is a powerful trading tool that allows traders to quickly and easily determine the strength and direction of a trend. By combining the Exponential Moving Average, ATR, and Epanechnikov kernel function, this indicator provides an accurate and easily interpretable representation of the trend angle. Whether you're an experienced trader or just starting, the Trend Angle Indicator can provide valuable insights into the market and help improve your trading decisions.
USDT Inflow TrackerUSDT INFLOW TRACKER
What does this script do? It looks for important inflow from USDT and write it below or above your chart.
Does it matter? Yes because Tether with planned USDT inflow highly manipulate the crypto market.
With this simple script you can study what and when something strange is going to happen on your favourite token.
HOW IT WORKS?
Pretty simple. It just continuosly check USDT (and USDC) Market Cap and verify if the last candle is way higher than last one. If it was way higher than expected it plot a green square and write a note with the total Inflow of USDT in the crypto market (not specifcially for your token)
Now you can see when an important inflow is done and start to plan your entry and exit strategy in the crypto market.
AUTOSET
With Autoset you can rely on standard values
5min TF : Inflow greater than of 15 mln (in 1 candle)
30min TF : Inflow greater than of 150 mln (in 1 candle)
60min TF : Inflow greater than of 300 mln (in 1 candle)
1Day TF : Inflow greater than of 900 mln (in 1 candle)
So you can check your favourite coin in no time looking for a good trading position
MANUAL SETTINGS
Otherwise you can set directly your Inflow to track based on your needs.
In the example below I've set to check everytime an Inflow of 25mln USDT or greater was done.
As you can see it highly influence the relative token.
COT-index rangeA graph showing the commercials (part of COT-data) positioning in relation to its own range, X periods back. I usually choose the look-back period to equal approximately one year. This will be around 52 on a weekly chart and 250 on a daily chart.
In my opinion a high data-point for the commercials is bullish and vice versa. But instead of only looking att absolute values I now look more at how the commercials are positioned compared to the previous 12 och 6 months.
Example:
a) if COT-index range = 0.8, then the commercials are in the 80th percentile for this specific look-back period, i.e. the commercials has only been more bullish 20% of the time and more bearish 80% of the time.
b) a) if COT-index range = 0.5, then the commercials are in the 50th percentile for this specific look-back period, i.e. the commercials has been more bullish 50% of the time and more bearish 50% of the time.
c) if COT-index range = 0.2, then the commercials are in the 20th percentile for this specific look-back period, i.e. the commercials has been more bullish 80% of the time and more bearish 20% of the time.
In other words, a high reading is bullish and a low reading is bearish.
Trend Reversal System with SR levelsHello All,
This is the Trend Reversal System with Support/Resistance levels script. long time ago I published it as closed source but now I upgraded it and and published as open-source with a different name. I hope it would be useful for you all while trading/analyzing.
The script has some parts in it: Setup, Count, SR levels, Risk levels & Targets . Now lets check them:
Setup Part: it has two part, Buy or Sell Setup. one of them can be active only. Buy setup: if current close checks if current is lower/equal than the close of the 5. bar. if yes then the script increases number of buy setup. and if it reaches 9 then the script checks if current low is lower/equal than the lows of last 3. and 4. bars, or if the low of the last bar is lower/equal than the lows of last 3. and 4. bars. if yes then the script increases the buy setup by 1. if these conditions met then it puts the label 'S' , same for Sell setup. S labels on both setup are potential reversals.
Count Part: If buy or sell setup reaches the 9 then Count part starts from 1. lets see buy count: If current close is lower/equal than the low of the 3. bar and buy count is lower than 12 or low of the bar 13 is less than or equal to the close of bar 8 then buy count increase or it's completed. if it's completed then the script puts C label, and it's potential reversal. of course there are some conditions that can cancel the count buy/sell or recycle/restart.
By using Setup and Count levels the script can show Support/Resistance Levels, Risk levels & Targets. SR levels are potential reversal levels.
Lets see some example screenshots:
Support/Resistance levels:
Potential Reversal levels and how setup/counts are shown:
Count part can recycle and the script shows it as 'R' , ( you can see the conditions for Recycle in the script ):
Count can be cancelled and and it's shown as 'x'
If the scripts find 9 on Setup or 13 on Count then it checks if it's a good level to buy/sell and if it decides it's good level then it shows TRSSetup Buy/Sell or TRSCount Buy/Sell and also shows the target. in following example the script checks and decide it's a good level to take long position. it can be aggressive or conservative, Conservative is recommended.
Enjoy!
Volume / Open Interest "Footprint" - By LeviathanThis script generates a footprint-style bar (profile) based on the aggregated volume or open interest data within your chart's visible range. You can choose from three different heatmap visualizations: Volume Delta/OI Delta, Total Volume/Total OI, and Buy vs. Sell Volume/OI Increase vs. Decrease.
How to use the indicator:
1. Add it to your chart.
2. The script will use your chart's visible range and generate a footprint bar on the right side of the screen. You can move left/right, zoom in/zoom out, and the bar's data will be updated automatically.
Settings:
- Source: This input lets you choose the data that will be displayed in the footprint bar.
- Resolution: Resolution is the number of rows displayed in a bar. Increasing it will provide more granular data, and vice versa. You might need to decrease the resolution when viewing larger ranges.
- Type: Choose between 3 types of visualization: Total (Total Volume or Total Open Interest increase), UP/DOWN (Buy Volume vs Sell Volume or OI Increase vs OI Decrease), and Delta (Buy Volume - Sell Volume or OI Increase - OI Decrease).
- Positive Delta Levels: This function will draw boxes (levels) where Delta is positive. These levels can serve as significant points of interest, S/R, targets, etc., because they mark the zones where there was an increase in buy pressure/position opening.
- Volume Aggregation: You can aggregate volume data from 8 different sources. Make sure to check if volume data is reported in base or quote currency and turn on the RQC (Reported in Quote Currency) function accordingly.
- Other settings mostly include appearance inputs. Read the tooltips for more info.
TICK - Custom Tickers [Pt]Traditionally, the TICK index is a technical analysis indicator that shows the difference in the number of stocks that are trading on an uptick vs a downtick in a particular period of time. This indicator allows user to choose up to 40 tickers to calculate TICK.
By default, it uses the SPY Top 40 stocks, but can be changed to any tickers.
There are options to show:
- Top 7 , ie. can be used for just showing TICK for FAANGMT => $FB + $AMZN + $AAPL + $NFLX + $GOOG + $MSFT + $TSLA
- Top 10
- Top 20
- Top 30
- Top 40
Data can be displayed in candle bars, line, or both.
Enjoy~
True Range MomentumThe indicator calculates the momentum of bullish and bearish based on the average true range and the highest highs and lowest lows of the historical price.
The indicator displays the strength for either taking a long position, or a short position.
The simplest way to use the indicator is to take a long position when the M+ line crosses above the 0 line. Similarly, to short, the M- line should cross above the 0 line. The exit would be when the respective line crosses below the 0 line.
The contrarian traders should wait for the lines to start rising towards the 0 line and taking an exit. In essence, the line should be going from negative to 0.
The greater the divergence between the M+ and M-, the stronger the trend.
The small table of Long and Short suggests what is in strength. A 100 will show a strong trend in the respective direction. It will be 50-50 when there is no clear direction, ideally identifying a consolidation range.
Open Interest Delta - By LeviathanThis script plots Open Interest Delta (change in OI). It also draws a heatmap and colors chart's candles to help you identify bars with large OI increase or decrease and apply Open Interest analysis concepts to your trading.
Positive OI Delta = net increase in open/unsettled positions
Negative OI Delta = net decrease in open/unsettled positions
Dollar Cost VolumeWhen asset prices rise or fall greatly it can be difficult to measure the interest levels across time periods. Think of assets like BBBY, GME, CVNA, BTCUSD, etc... :)
This simple visualization multiplies a pricing option by the volume to give a "dollar cost" volume over time. With this, you can more easily measure interest levels from "smart money" ("big money") and eliminate some of the noise from large volume moves when prices are very low (or small volume moves when prices are very high).
Ticker vs IndexI was exploring a simple idea how I can visualize the ticker performance against the underlying Index (or any other ticker) performance.
how it works:
When the line is moving up (blue zone), the ticker is performing better than the underlying index (e.g. SPX)(configurable).
When the line is moving down (red zone), the ticker is performing worse than the underlying index.
How to use it:
Use as confirmation always in conjunction with other (main) indicators, avoid "buy" when indicator is in the red zone
Also, crossing over the zero line is often an indication for an upcoming upward move
Try to different SMA length - default is 20 but 10 was often showing better results
(No financial advise, for testing purposes only)
Sigma Expected Movement [D/W/M]Based on the VIX, this indicator shows the expected movement of a stock, ETF or index.
This indicator has two standard deviations that you can set for better guidance.
You can also adjust it for a result in one day, one week or one month.
Settings
* Period
* 1st Deviation: Default 68%
* 2nd Deviation: Default 90%
*Round To Integer: If it checked, it will search for the nearest integer (+/-). Optimal for people who do Options.
*Table Position: refers to which corner you want to put the table with information.
True Accumulation/Distribution (TG fork)An accumulation/distribution indicator that works better against gaps and with trend coloring.
Accumulation/Distribution was developed by Marc Chaikin to provide insight into strength of a trend by measuring flow of buy and sell volume .
The fact that A/D only factors current period's range for calculating the volume multiplier causes problem with price gaps. They are ignored or even misinterpreted.
True Accumulation/Distribution solves the problem by using True Range instead of only relying on current period's high and low.
Most of the time, True A/D reverts to producing the same values as the original A/D. The difference between True A/D and original A/D can be better seen when a gap has occurred, True A/D has handles it better than Accumulation/Distribution which a bearish close in period's range cause it to misinterpret the strong buy pressure as sell volume
The Moving Average Cloud is simply the filling between the moving average and the True A/D. This feature was inspired by D7R ACC/DIST closed-source indicator, kudos to D7R for making such neat visual indicators (but unfortunately all closed source!).
This indicator was made to extend the original work by adding MTF support and a moving average cloud and coloring.
If you like this indicator, please show the original author RezzaHmt some love:
Liquidations by volume (TG fork)Shows actual liquidations on a per-candle basis by using the difference in volume between spot and futures markets.
i.e. volume on a futures market will be much higher if there are many liquidations.
By default, green represents short liquidations (hence a bullish move, hence why it's green), whereas red is for long liquidations (bearish move). The colors can be changed in the settings if you prefer an inverted theme.
Long liquidation data should in theory be more accurate than short liquidation data due to the inability to short on a spot market.
This indicator should be able to help identify trends by determining liquidation points in the chart.
Extended by Tartigradia to automatically detect the symbol (only for crypto assets found on Binance with a USDTPERP pair, so it works for ETH, BNB, etc) and add multi-timeframe support (MTF).
If you like the indicator, please show the original author Thomas_Davison some love:
Equity Bond Currency DashboardDepicts demand-flow between Equities, Bonds and Currencies of 6 countries. Useful in tracking the flow of smart money and checking the dynamics of inter-connected markets.
Principle:
DXY lies at the heart of the diagram with usd-currency pairs of 5 countries connected to it. When demand for a currency increases it strengthens against Dollar. This is depicted by a line from DXY to the currency indicating demand flow from Dollar to the currency (DXY is only an indicative symbol for Dollar, the currency may not be part of the dollar index). Similarly when Dollar strengthens against the currency, demand flow is depicted by a line from the currency to DXY. Currency blocks are connected to Equity and Bond Yields of the respective countries. Equities and Bonds, when bought, takes the demand from the respective currencies and vice versa.
Overall, the demand flows in the direction of arrows. The flow is incomplete without commodities, import/export, interest/inflation rates of countries, however, the diagram most of the times explains why an asset class is performing the way it is.
Left side bar of each block is very similar to OHLC candles except for the following -
Instead of wicks, top and bottom of the bar represents high and low for the selected time-frame
Open and close are normalised for high and low
Bar border is red if close < prev.close, green if close >= prev.close
Other notes:
The diagram requires at least 200 bars in the chart to render. Please select the symbol and time-frame that contain at least 200 bars.
The diagram requires a live market to render the flow. To check flows on historical bars, set the option from settings.
Desired indices could be selected for countries of choice. Default settings point to futures wherever possible to have the markets live simultaneously across the countries.
Pro Trading Art - Top N Candle's Gainers/Losers(1-40)Top Gainer/Loser Screener.
Explanation :
With the help of this indicator you can filter top Gainer or Loser in comparison with previous selected range. Suppose you select 5 period inside input tab then this indicator will filter top gainer or losers in 5 days.
Input Parameter:
Timeframe: You can change timeframe of chart. Default timeframe is same as chart.
Period: To select range of candle. Default 5. Means how much price changed in previous 5 candle.
Top : Dropdown option to select top Gainer or Losers
Table Location: Where you want to place your table.
Watchlist Group: You can create watchlist for screener.
Intrabar Efficiency Ratio█ OVERVIEW
This indicator displays a directional variant of Perry Kaufman's Efficiency Ratio, designed to gauge the "efficiency" of intrabar price movement by comparing the sum of movements of the lower timeframe bars composing a chart bar with the respective bar's movement on an average basis.
█ CONCEPTS
Efficiency Ratio (ER)
Efficiency Ratio was first introduced by Perry Kaufman in his 1995 book, titled "Smarter Trading". It is the ratio of absolute price change to the sum of absolute changes on each bar over a period. This tells us how strong the period's trend is relative to the underlying noise. Simply put, it's a measure of price movement efficiency. This ratio is the modulator utilized in Kaufman's Adaptive Moving Average (KAMA), which is essentially an Exponential Moving Average (EMA) that adapts its responsiveness to movement efficiency.
ER's output is bounded between 0 and 1. A value of 0 indicates that the starting price equals the ending price for the period, which suggests that price movement was maximally inefficient. A value of 1 indicates that price had travelled no more than the distance between the starting price and the ending price for the period, which suggests that price movement was maximally efficient. A value between 0 and 1 indicates that price had travelled a distance greater than the distance between the starting price and the ending price for the period. In other words, some degree of noise was present which resulted in reduced efficiency over the period.
As an example, let's say that the price of an asset had moved from $15 to $14 by the end of a period, but the sum of absolute changes for each bar of data was $4. ER would be calculated like so:
ER = abs(14 - 15)/4 = 0.25
This suggests that the trend was only 25% efficient over the period, as the total distanced travelled by price was four times what was required to achieve the change over the period.
Intrabars
Intrabars are chart bars at a lower timeframe than the chart's. Each 1H chart bar of a 24x7 market will, for example, usually contain 60 intrabars at the LTF of 1min, provided there was market activity during each minute of the hour. Mining information from intrabars can be useful in that it offers traders visibility on the activity inside a chart bar.
Lower timeframes (LTFs)
A lower timeframe is a timeframe that is smaller than the chart's timeframe. This script determines which LTF to use by examining the chart's timeframe. The LTF determines how many intrabars are examined for each chart bar; the lower the timeframe, the more intrabars are analyzed, but fewer chart bars can display indicator information because there is a limit to the total number of intrabars that can be analyzed.
Intrabar precision
The precision of calculations increases with the number of intrabars analyzed for each chart bar. As there is a 100K limit to the number of intrabars that can be analyzed by a script, a trade-off occurs between the number of intrabars analyzed per chart bar and the chart bars for which calculations are possible.
Intrabar Efficiency Ratio (IER)
Intrabar Efficiency Ratio applies the concept of ER on an intrabar level. Rather than comparing the overall change to the sum of bar changes for the current chart's timeframe over a period, IER compares single bar changes for the current chart's timeframe to the sum of absolute intrabar changes, then applies smoothing to the result. This gives an indication of how efficient changes are on the current chart's timeframe for each bar of data relative to LTF bar changes on an average basis. Unlike the standard ER calculation, we've opted to preserve directional information by not taking the absolute value of overall change, thus allowing it to be utilized as a momentum oscillator. However, by taking the absolute value of this oscillator, it could potentially serve as a replacement for ER in the design of adaptive moving averages.
Since this indicator preserves directional information, IER can be regarded as similar to the Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO) , which was presented in 1994 by Tushar Chande in "The New Technical Trader". Both CMO and ER essentially measure the same relationship between trend and noise. CMO simply differs in scale, and considers the direction of overall changes.
█ FEATURES
Display
Three different display types are included within the script:
• Line : Displays the middle length MA of the IER as a line .
Color for this display can be customized via the "Line" portion of the "Visuals" section in the script settings.
• Candles : Displays the non-smooth IER and two moving averages of different lengths as candles .
The `open` and `close` of the candle are the longest and shortest length MAs of the IER respectively.
The `high` and `low` of the candle are the max and min of the IER, longest length MA of the IER, and shortest length MA of the IER respectively.
Colors for this display can be customized via the "Candles" portion of the "Visuals" section in the script settings.
• Circles : Displays three MAs of the IER as circles .
The color of each plot depends on the percent rank of the respective MA over the previous 100 bars.
Different colors are triggered when ranks are below 10%, between 10% and 50%, between 50% and 90%, and above 90%.
Colors for this display can be customized via the "Circles" portion of the "Visuals" section in the script settings.
With either display type, an optional information box can be displayed. This box shows the LTF that the script is using, the average number of lower timeframe bars per chart bar, and the number of chart bars that contain LTF data.
Specifying intrabar precision
Ten options are included in the script to control the number of intrabars used per chart bar for calculations. The greater the number of intrabars per chart bar, the fewer chart bars can be analyzed.
The first five options allow users to specify the approximate amount of chart bars to be covered:
• Least Precise (Most chart bars) : Covers all chart bars by dividing the current timeframe by four.
This ensures the highest level of intrabar precision while achieving complete coverage for the dataset.
• Less Precise (Some chart bars) & More Precise (Less chart bars) : These options calculate a stepped LTF in relation to the current chart's timeframe.
• Very precise (2min intrabars) : Uses the second highest quantity of intrabars possible with the 2min LTF.
• Most precise (1min intrabars) : Uses the maximum quantity of intrabars possible with the 1min LTF.
The stepped lower timeframe for "Less Precise" and "More Precise" options is calculated from the current chart's timeframe as follows:
Chart Timeframe Lower Timeframe
Less Precise More Precise
< 1hr 1min 1min
< 1D 15min 1min
< 1W 2hr 30min
> 1W 1D 60min
The last five options allow users to specify an approximate fixed number of intrabars to analyze per chart bar. The available choices are 12, 24, 50, 100, and 250. The script will calculate the LTF which most closely approximates the specified number of intrabars per chart bar. Keep in mind that due to factors such as the length of a ticker's sessions and rounding of the LTF, it is not always possible to produce the exact number specified. However, the script will do its best to get as close to the value as possible.
Specifying MA type
Seven MA types are included in the script for different averaging effects:
• Simple
• Exponential
• Wilder (RMA)
• Weighted
• Volume-Weighted
• Arnaud Legoux with `offset` and `sigma` set to 0.85 and 6 respectively.
• Hull
Weighting
This script includes the option to weight IER values based on the percent rank of absolute price changes on the current chart's timeframe over a specified period, which can be enabled by checking the "Weigh using relative close changes" option in the script settings. This places reduced emphasis on IER values from smaller changes, which may help to reduce noise in the output.
█ FOR Pine Script™ CODERS
• This script imports the recently published lower_ltf library for calculating intrabar statistics and the optimal lower timeframe in relation to the current chart's timeframe.
• This script uses the recently released request.security_lower_tf() Pine Script™ function discussed in this blog post .
It works differently from the usual request.security() in that it can only be used on LTFs, and it returns an array containing one value per intrabar.
This makes it much easier for programmers to access intrabar information.
• This script implements a new recommended best practice for tables which works faster and reduces memory consumption.
Using this new method, tables are declared only once with var , as usual. Then, on the first bar only, we use table.cell() to populate the table.
Finally, table.set_*() functions are used to update attributes of table cells on the last bar of the dataset.
This greatly reduces the resources required to render tables.
Look first. Then leap.
REVE MarkersREVE stands for ‘Range Extensions Volume Expansions’. It seeks to report the same as the REVE which I published before. However the code uses a different algorithm to find the ‘usual range’ or ‘usual volume’ to which the current range and volume is compared. In the old REVE a function is coded which mimics a median() function..
In this code the median() function provided in pinescript is used, which makes the code of the actual algorithm nice and short in lines 21 through 27
For example line 23: “morevol=ta.median(curvol , usual)*eventnorm” in which
‘morevol ‘ is the calculated level above which the volume is deemed considerable,
‘curvol’ is the current volume (see line 21); curvol the volume of the previous period.
‘usual’ is the lookback period (see line 8)
‘ta.median(curvol , usual)’ is therfore the median volume in the lookback period
‘eventnorm’ is the percent which sets when “normal” becomes “considerable” (see line 6)
In line 26 the same is done for range.
The code in lines 30 to 92, concern logic manipulations to arrive at choosing the appropriate marker, which are plotted in lines 95 through 136.
Using the shapes as provided by Pinescript offers the possibility to give a much better and more meaningful visualization of volume and range events than different colored columns and histograms in the ‘old’ REVE in the below panel (see example chart).
Using the Pinescript function to find the median opens the possibility of letting the user play in the inputs with the lookback period and the norms for considerable and excessive to find a setting he or she likes most.
Using median in stead of average is necessary in volume and range analysis because these are so volatile. E.g. range or volume can be 10 times larger in the next period! If you have a few excessive volumes or ranges in the lookback period the ‘average volume or range’ is much higher than the ‘usual volume or range’ In statistics this is referred to as the outlier problem.
The markers are located on the bottom of the instrument pane. Those indicating volume events (with ‘event’ I mean a considerable or excessive expansion or extension) are colored triangles or squares, triangles indicate direction, squares that the price stays the same. those indicating range events with ‘normal’ volume are crosses, plus-cross means considerable range event and x-cross is excessive event.
The red, fuchsia and maroon triangles and squares indicate a combination of volume and range events. I call this ‘effective volume’ because more trade leads to shifting prices. The green and blue triangles and squares indicate a volume event with ‘normal’ ranges. I call this ‘ineffective volume’ because more volume does not lead to price shits. Effective volume can be attributed to occasional traders, because these do not care much for the price effect of their orders. The ineffective volume is attributable to institutional traders, because these go to great length to hide the size of their selling or buying objective by trading many small amounts in a day. Therefore one can theorize that ‘smart money’ is active when green and blue markers show up.
There is an option in the inputs to show markers around the candles (or bars). Those above indicate volume events, plus-cross for considerable and x-cross for excessive volume.
Those below the candles (or bars) indicate range events, triangles for direction or a plus-cross when the price stays the same. The small ones indicate considerable range events and the big ones excessive range events. This option can be used for better understanding of the colors of the bottom markers or to check which marker applies to which candle or bar.
If the instrument is without volume, the indicator will show only range markers.
Have fun and take care.
Implied Volatility Suite (TG Fork)Displays the Implied Volatility, which is usually calculated from options, but here is calculated indirectly from spot price directly, either using a model or model-free using the VIXfix.
The model-free VIXfix based approach can detect times of high volatility, which usually coincides with panic and hence lowest prices. Inversely, the model-based approach can detect times of highest greed.
Forked and updated by Tartigradia to fix some issues in the calculations, convert to pinescript v5 and reverse engineered to reproduce the "Implied Volatility Rank & Model Free IVR" indicator by the same author (but closed source) and allow to plot both model-based and model-free implied volatilities simultaneously.
If you like this indicator, please show the original author SegaRKO some love:
